refactor(gen): R12/R13 同步——下标 while 循环改 for range、去 c.Set

与 includes 同步执行两批源改写：R12 把「i: int = 0 与 while i < N: … i += 1」形式的计数循环改写为「for i in range(N):」；R13 把 c.Set(*p, v) 迁移为 *p = v、c.Set(a, b) 迁移为 a = b（c.Set 是正在退化的路径）。验证：bootstrap 三重重编 SUCCESS（无 vast_c 解析回退）；全量 77/77 顺序回归通过（WebTest 首轮网络超时，单独重跑通过）。
2026-10-05 15:33:58 +08:00
1 parent a7b8118ce8
commit fb53f88893
@@ -940,12 +940,10 @@ def link_objs_to_exe(obj_paths: str, obj_paths_len: sizet, linker_cmd: str, link
                    dt2len: sizet = dj - ds2
                    if dt2len == dtlen:
                        deq: int = 1
-                        dk: sizet = 0
+                        for dk in range(dtlen):
                        while dk < dtlen:
                            if dedup[ds2 + dk] != obj_paths[dstart + dk]:
                                deq = 0
                                break
                            dk += 1
                        if deq != 0:
                            ddup = 1
                            break
@@ -1304,18 +1302,14 @@ def _tb_quoted_after(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, s: str, key: str) -> str:
 def _tb_dir_lookup(dirs: bytes, count: int, idx: int) -> str:
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(count):
    while i < count:
        if int(_tb_rd_u32(dirs, sizet(i) * TB_DIR_SIZE)) == idx: return rawptr(_tb_rd_u64(dirs, sizet(i) * TB_DIR_SIZE + 8))
        i += 1
    return None
 def _tb_file_rec(files: bytes, count: int, idx: int) -> int:
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(count):
    while i < count:
        if int(_tb_rd_u32(files, sizet(i) * TB_FILE_SIZE)) == idx: return i
        i += 1
    return -1
@@ -1407,11 +1401,9 @@ def _tb_func_name_for(fbuf: bytes, fcount: int, rva: uint64) -> str:
 def _tb_intern(p: TbPool*, s: str) -> uint64:
    """Intern s into the pool (linear scan; keeps offset 0 as the empty sentinel)."""
    if p is None or s is None: return 0
-    k: int = 0
+    for k in range(p.OffCount):
    while k < p.OffCount:
        o: uint64 = _tb_rd_u64(p.Offs, sizet(k) * 8)
        if string.strcmp(p.Pool + sizet(o), s) == 0: return o
        k += 1
    off: uint64 = uint64(p.PoolLen)
    n: sizet = string.strlen(s)
    string.memcpy(p.Pool + sizet(off), s, n)
@@ -1456,8 +1448,7 @@ def _tb_read_pe_layout(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, exe_path: str) -> TbPeLayout*:
    min_rva: uint64 = 0xFFFFFFFF
    found_text: int = 0
    have_sec: int = 0
-    si: uint64 = 0
+    for si in range(nsec):
    while si < nsec:
        base: sizet = sec_off + sizet(si) * 40
        if uint64(base) + 40 > uint64(got): break
        va: uint64 = uint64(_tb_rd_u32(head, base + 12))
@@ -1466,7 +1457,6 @@ def _tb_read_pe_layout(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, exe_path: str) -> TbPeLayout*:
        if _tb_cc(head, base) == 46 and _tb_cc(head, base + 1) == 116 and _tb_cc(head, base + 2) == 101 and _tb_cc(head, base + 3) == 120 and _tb_cc(head, base + 4) == 116:
            text_rva = va
            found_text = 1
        si += 1
    if found_text == 0 and have_sec != 0 and min_rva != 0xFFFFFFFF: text_rva = min_rva
    lay.ImageBase = img_base
    lay.SizeOfImage = size_img
@@ -1752,8 +1742,7 @@ def _tb_grp_get(grp: bytes, cap: int, caller: str, callee: str, do_insert: int)
    if grp is None or cap <= 0 or caller is None or callee is None: return -1
    mask: uint64 = uint64(cap - 1)
    hv: uint64 = (_tb_strhash(caller) * 0x100000001B3 + _tb_strhash(callee)) & mask
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(cap):
    while i < cap:
        slot: int = int((hv + uint64(i)) & mask)
        off: sizet = sizet(slot) * TB_GRP_SIZE
        if uint64(_tb_rd_u32(grp, off + TB_GRP_OFF_USED)) == 0:
@@ -1768,7 +1757,6 @@ def _tb_grp_get(grp: bytes, cap: int, caller: str, callee: str, do_insert: int)
        sc: str = rawptr(_tb_rd_u64(grp, off + TB_GRP_OFF_CALLER))
        sk: str = rawptr(_tb_rd_u64(grp, off + TB_GRP_OFF_CALLEE))
        if sc is not None and sk is not None and string.strcmp(sc, caller) == 0 and string.strcmp(sk, callee) == 0: return slot
        i += 1
    return -1
@@ -1910,13 +1898,11 @@ def _tb_parse_vpcall_file(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, path: str, cp: TbCallParse*) ->
 def _tb_load_vpcalls(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, cp: TbCallParse*) -> int:
    if _tb_vpcall_buf is None or _tb_vpcall_n <= 0: return 0
-    k: int = 0
+    for k in range(_tb_vpcall_n):
    while k < _tb_vpcall_n:
        slot: str* = (str*)(uint64(_tb_vpcall_buf) + sizet(k) * 8)
        path: str = slot[0]
        if path is not None:
            if _tb_parse_vpcall_file(mb, path, cp) != 0: return 1
        k += 1
    return 0
@@ -1929,8 +1915,7 @@ def _tb_build_groups(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, cp: TbCallParse*) -> int:
        VLogger.error("--traceback: 调用点分组表分配失败，终止编译", "TRACEBACK")
        return 1
    string.memset(cp.Grp, 0, sizet(cp.GrpCap) * TB_GRP_SIZE)
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(cp.CrN):
    while i < cp.CrN:
        off: sizet = sizet(i) * TB_CR_SIZE
        caller: str = rawptr(_tb_rd_u64(cp.Cr, off + TB_CR_OFF_CALLER))
        callee: str = rawptr(_tb_rd_u64(cp.Cr, off + TB_CR_OFF_CALLEE))
@@ -1948,7 +1933,6 @@ def _tb_build_groups(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, cp: TbCallParse*) -> int:
            _tb_wr_u32(cp.Cr, toff + TB_CR_OFF_NEXT, uint64(i))
        _tb_wr_u32(cp.Cr, off + TB_CR_OFF_NEXT, uint64(TB_IDX_NONE))
        _tb_wr_u32(cp.Grp, goff + TB_GRP_OFF_TAIL, uint64(i))
        i += 1
    return 0
@@ -1972,15 +1956,13 @@ def _tb_emit_call_row(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, d: TbDump*, cp: TbCallParse*, img_lo
 def _tb_emit_entry_row(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, d: TbDump*, cp: TbCallParse*, img_lo: uint64, addr: uint64, sym: str) -> int:
    """Emit a fallback function-entry row for an objdump label sym (file/line from the F record)."""
    if sym is None or cp.Fr is None or cp.FrN <= 0 or addr < img_lo: return 0
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(cp.FrN):
    while i < cp.FrN:
        off: sizet = sizet(i) * TB_FR_SIZE
        s: str = rawptr(_tb_rd_u64(cp.Fr, off + TB_FR_OFF_SYM))
        if s is not None and string.strcmp(s, sym) == 0:
            file: str = rawptr(_tb_rd_u64(cp.Fr, off + TB_FR_OFF_FILE))
            dl: int = int(_tb_rd_u32(cp.Fr, off + TB_FR_OFF_DEFLINE))
            return _tb_emit_row(mb, d, addr, file, dl, sym)
        i += 1
    return 0
@@ -2298,8 +2280,7 @@ def WriteStackMap(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, exe_path: str) -> int:
    if ro is None:
        VLogger.error("--traceback: 记录偏移缓冲分配失败，终止编译", "TRACEBACK")
        return 1
-    i = 0
+    for i in range(uniq):
    while i < uniq:
        pth2: str = rawptr(_tb_rd_u64(d.RowBuf, sizet(i) * TB_ROW_SIZE + TB_ROW_OFF_FILE))
        foff: uint64 = _tb_intern(p, pth2)
        noff: uint64 = 0
@@ -2311,7 +2292,6 @@ def WriteStackMap(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, exe_path: str) -> int:
        if nm2 is not None: noff = _tb_intern(p, nm2)
        _tb_wr_u32(ro, sizet(i) * 8, foff)
        _tb_wr_u32(ro, sizet(i) * 8 + 4, noff)
        i += 1
    # ---- 5) self-checks (mirror the runtime LoadMapFile validation) ----
    prev_rva: uint64 = 0
@@ -2335,13 +2315,11 @@ def WriteStackMap(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, exe_path: str) -> int:
        return 1
    # file_off must be >= 1: offset 0 is the empty-string sentinel and the runtime
    # rejects a whole map whose record file_off is 0.
-    ci = 0
+    for ci in range(uniq):
    while ci < uniq:
        fo: uint64 = uint64(_tb_rd_u32(ro, sizet(ci) * 8))
        if fo == 0:
            VLogger.error("--traceback 自检失败：存在 file_off==0 的记录（空路径，运行期会拒绝该旁文件），终止编译", "TRACEBACK")
            return 1
        ci += 1
    # ---- 6) serialise and write <exe>.stackmap ----
    total: sizet = 20 + sizet(uniq) * 20 + sizet(p.PoolLen)
@@ -2357,8 +2335,7 @@ def WriteStackMap(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, exe_path: str) -> int:
    _tb_wr_u32(out, 8, uint64(uniq))
    _tb_wr_u32(out, 12, uint64(p.OffCount))
    _tb_wr_u32(out, 16, uint64(p.PoolLen))
-    ri2: int = 0
+    for ri2 in range(uniq):
    while ri2 < uniq:
        roff2: sizet = 20 + sizet(ri2) * 20
        rv3: uint64 = _tb_rd_u64(d.RowBuf, sizet(ri2) * TB_ROW_SIZE)
        ln3: uint64 = uint64(_tb_rd_u32(d.RowBuf, sizet(ri2) * TB_ROW_SIZE + TB_ROW_OFF_LINE))
@@ -2366,7 +2343,6 @@ def WriteStackMap(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, exe_path: str) -> int:
        _tb_wr_u32(out, roff2 + 8, uint64(_tb_rd_u32(ro, sizet(ri2) * 8)))
        _tb_wr_u32(out, roff2 + 12, ln3)
        _tb_wr_u32(out, roff2 + 16, uint64(_tb_rd_u32(ro, sizet(ri2) * 8 + 4)))
        ri2 += 1
    string.memcpy(out + 20 + sizet(uniq) * 20, p.Pool, sizet(p.PoolLen))
    map_len: sizet = string.strlen(exe_path) + 16
@@ -267,8 +267,7 @@ def _normalize_path(path: str) -> str:
    seg_start: sizet = 0
    out_len: sizet = 0
    has_seg: int = 0
-    i: sizet = 0
+    for i in range(plen + 1):
    while i <= plen:
        ch: char = '\0'
        if i < plen: ch = path[i]
        if ch == '/' or ch == '\\' or ch == '\0':
@@ -313,7 +312,6 @@ def _normalize_path(path: str) -> str:
                        jj += 1
                    has_seg = 1
            seg_start = i + 1
        i += 1
    if has_seg == 0:
        # All segments consumed (e.g. ./..): return current dir
        return "./"
@@ -577,8 +575,7 @@ def slice_subdir(sha1: str, level: int) -> str:
    buf: str = _mbuddy.alloc(buf_len)
    if buf is None: return None
    pos: int = 0
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(level):
    while i < level:
        if i > 0:
            buf[pos] = '/'
            pos += 1
@@ -586,6 +583,5 @@ def slice_subdir(sha1: str, level: int) -> str:
        buf[pos] = sha1[idx]
        buf[pos + 1] = sha1[idx + 1]
        pos += 2
        i += 1
    buf[pos] = '\0'
    return buf
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ def _lookup_cdefine_for_pyi(name: str) -> int64:
    global _g_pyi_cdefine_found
    # Look up this file's CDefine cache first (globals are empty during vpi gen)
    if _g_pyi_cdef_names is not None and _g_pyi_cdef_vals is not None:
-        # Bound loop by _g_pyi_cdef_count; never len()/.get on i8** (len falls back
+        # Bound loop by _g_pyi_cdef_count; never len()/.get on i8** (len falls back
        # to strlen, .get misdispatches to HashTable.get) -- index via t.CPtr(base + i*8).
        pn: sizet = sizet(_g_pyi_cdef_count)
        for pi in range(pn):
@@ -160,10 +160,8 @@ def _PyiEmit(buf: bytes, buf_size: sizet, pos: sizet, text: str) -> sizet:
 # _PyiIndent - append level*4 spaces to buf at pos
 def _PyiIndent(buf: bytes, buf_size: sizet, pos: sizet, level: int) -> sizet:
    """Append level*4 spaces to buf at pos and return the new pos"""
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(level):
    while i < level:
        pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, "    ")
        i += 1
    return pos
@@ -249,8 +247,7 @@ def _PyiTypeStr(buf: bytes, buf_size: sizet, pos: sizet, annot: ast.AST*, depth:
        cmps_ct: list[ast.AST*]* = cmp_t.comparators
        if ops_ct is not None:
            on_ct: sizet = len(ops_ct)
-            oi_ct: sizet = 0
+            for oi_ct in range(on_ct):
            while oi_ct < on_ct:
                oid_ct: int = ops_ct.get(oi_ct)
                if oid_ct == ast.OpKind.Eq:      pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, " == ")
                elif oid_ct == ast.OpKind.Ne:    pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, " != ")
@@ -262,7 +259,6 @@ def _PyiTypeStr(buf: bytes, buf_size: sizet, pos: sizet, annot: ast.AST*, depth:
                # TPC indexes comparators[i] by ops; guard the length here so a
                # malformed AST (unequal ops/comparators) cannot overrun.
                if cmps_ct is not None and oi_ct < len(cmps_ct): pos = _PyiTypeStr(buf, buf_size, pos, cmps_ct.get(oi_ct), depth + 1)
                oi_ct += 1
        return pos
    # BoolOp: boolean ops (ENABLED and MAX_SIZE > 0 / A or B).
@@ -272,13 +268,11 @@ def _PyiTypeStr(buf: bytes, buf_size: sizet, pos: sizet, annot: ast.AST*, depth:
        vals_bt: list[ast.AST*]* = bool_t.values
        if vals_bt is not None:
            vn_bt: sizet = len(vals_bt)
-            vi_bt: sizet = 0
+            for vi_bt in range(vn_bt):
            while vi_bt < vn_bt:
                if vi_bt > 0:
                    if bool_t.op == ast.OpKind.Or: pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, " or ")
                    else: pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, " and ")
                pos = _PyiTypeStr(buf, buf_size, pos, vals_bt.get(vi_bt), depth + 1)
                vi_bt += 1
        return pos
    # Constant: string forward refs (e.g. 'MyClass'), None or numeric constants
@@ -309,12 +303,10 @@ def _PyiTypeStr(buf: bytes, buf_size: sizet, pos: sizet, annot: ast.AST*, depth:
        if lst.elts is not None:
            lst_elts: list[ast.AST*]* = lst.elts
            ln: sizet = len(lst_elts)
-            li: sizet = 0
+            for li in range(ln):
            while li < ln:
                if li > 0: pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, ", ")
                le: ast.AST* = lst_elts.get(li)
                pos = _PyiTypeStr(buf, buf_size, pos, le, depth + 1)
                li += 1
        pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, "]")
        return pos
@@ -324,12 +316,10 @@ def _PyiTypeStr(buf: bytes, buf_size: sizet, pos: sizet, annot: ast.AST*, depth:
        if tup.elts is not None:
            tup_elts: list[ast.AST*]* = tup.elts
            tn: sizet = len(tup_elts)
-            ti: sizet = 0
+            for ti in range(tn):
            while ti < tn:
                if ti > 0: pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, ", ")
                el: ast.AST* = tup_elts.get(ti)
                pos = _PyiTypeStr(buf, buf_size, pos, el, depth + 1)
                ti += 1
        return pos
    # Call: call expression (used by decorators such as @t.NoVTable())
@@ -340,12 +330,10 @@ def _PyiTypeStr(buf: bytes, buf_size: sizet, pos: sizet, annot: ast.AST*, depth:
        if cl.args is not None:
            cl_args: list[ast.AST*]* = cl.args
            can: sizet = len(cl_args)
-            cai: sizet = 0
+            for cai in range(can):
            while cai < can:
                if cai > 0: pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, ", ")
                ca: ast.AST* = cl_args.get(cai)
                pos = _PyiTypeStr(buf, buf_size, pos, ca, depth + 1)
                cai += 1
        pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, ")")
        return pos
@@ -437,15 +425,13 @@ def _PyiFunction(buf: bytes, buf_size: sizet, pos: sizet, fn: ast.FunctionDef*,
    if fn.decorator_list is not None:
        fn_decorator_list: list[ast.AST*]* = fn.decorator_list
        dn: sizet = len(fn_decorator_list)
-        di: sizet = 0
+        for di in range(dn):
        while di < dn:
            dec: ast.AST* = fn_decorator_list.get(di)
            if dec is not None:
                pos = _PyiIndent(buf, buf_size, pos, indent_level)
                pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, "@")
                pos = _PyiTypeStr(buf, buf_size, pos, dec)
                pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, "\n")
            di += 1
    pos = _PyiIndent(buf, buf_size, pos, indent_level)
    pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, "def ")
@@ -521,15 +507,13 @@ def _PyiClass(buf: bytes, buf_size: sizet, pos: sizet, cls: ast.ClassDef*, inden
    if cls.decorator_list is not None:
        cls_decorator_list: list[ast.AST*]* = cls.decorator_list
        dcn: sizet = len(cls_decorator_list)
-        dci: sizet = 0
+        for dci in range(dcn):
        while dci < dcn:
            ddec: ast.AST* = cls_decorator_list.get(dci)
            if ddec is not None:
                pos = _PyiIndent(buf, buf_size, pos, indent_level)
                pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, "@")
                pos = _PyiTypeStr(buf, buf_size, pos, ddec)
                pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, "\n")
            dci += 1
    pos = _PyiIndent(buf, buf_size, pos, indent_level)
    pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, "class ")
@@ -543,12 +527,10 @@ def _PyiClass(buf: bytes, buf_size: sizet, pos: sizet, cls: ast.ClassDef*, inden
        tpn: sizet = len(cls_type_params)
        if tpn > 0:
            pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, "[")
-            tpi: sizet = 0
+            for tpi in range(tpn):
            while tpi < tpn:
                if tpi > 0: pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, ", ")
                tpname: str = cls_type_params.get(tpi)
                if tpname is not None: pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, tpname)
                tpi += 1
            pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, "]")
    # Base classes
@@ -557,12 +539,10 @@ def _PyiClass(buf: bytes, buf_size: sizet, pos: sizet, cls: ast.ClassDef*, inden
        bn: sizet = len(cls_bases)
        if bn > 0:
            pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, "(")
-            bi: sizet = 0
+            for bi in range(bn):
            while bi < bn:
                if bi > 0: pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, ", ")
                base: ast.AST* = cls_bases.get(bi)
                pos = _PyiTypeStr(buf, buf_size, pos, base)
                bi += 1
            pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, ")")
    pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, ":\n")
@@ -736,8 +716,7 @@ def _GeneratePyiFromAst(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, tree: ast.AST*, rel_path: str, buf
                if imp2.names is not None:
                    imp2_names: list[ast.AST*]* = imp2.names
                    an2: sizet = len(imp2_names)
-                    ai2: sizet = 0
+                    for ai2 in range(an2):
                    while ai2 < an2:
                        if ai2 > 0: pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, ", ")
                        al2: ast.Alias* = ast.Alias*(imp2_names.get(ai2))
                        # fail-fast: never silently write "import , ". Import names are the
@@ -750,7 +729,6 @@ def _GeneratePyiFromAst(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, tree: ast.AST*, rel_path: str, buf
                        if al2.asname is not None and string.strlen(al2.asname) > 0:
                            pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, " as ")
                            pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, al2.asname)
                        ai2 += 1
                pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, "\n")
            # ImportFrom statement
@@ -770,8 +748,7 @@ def _GeneratePyiFromAst(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, tree: ast.AST*, rel_path: str, buf
                if ifr.names is not None:
                    ifr_names: list[ast.AST*]* = ifr.names
                    an3: sizet = len(ifr_names)
-                    ai3: sizet = 0
+                    for ai3 in range(an3):
                    while ai3 < an3:
                        if ai3 > 0: pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, ", ")
                        al3: ast.Alias* = ast.Alias*(ifr_names.get(ai3))
                        # fail-fast: same as Import (report the two causes separately).
@@ -783,7 +760,6 @@ def _GeneratePyiFromAst(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, tree: ast.AST*, rel_path: str, buf
                        if al3.asname is not None and string.strlen(al3.asname) > 0:
                            pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, " as ")
                            pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, al3.asname)
                        ai3 += 1
                pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, "\n")
            # Function definition (_PyiFunction already ends with a newline)
@@ -827,7 +803,7 @@ def _GeneratePyiFromAst(mb: memhub.MemBuddy*, tree: ast.AST*, rel_path: str, buf
                                viperlib.snprintf(num_buf, 32, " = %lld", cv.int_val)
                                pos = _PyiEmit(buf, buf_size, pos, num_buf)
                            elif cv.const_kind == ast.CONST_FLOAT:
-                                # Float CDefines (e.g. numpy pi/e) must emit a value or read-back
+                                # Float CDefines (e.g. numpy pi/e) must emit a value or read-back
                                # degrades to a global pointer; %.17g round-trips double exactly.
                                fbuf_c: bytes = mb.alloc(64)
                                if fbuf_c is not None:
@@ -148,8 +148,7 @@ def _vpi_idx_find(keys: bytes, key_stride: int, idx_base: bytes, cap: int, key:
    h: uint64 = _vpi_idx_hash(key)
    mask: sizet = sizet(cap - 1)
    si: sizet = sizet(h) & mask
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(cap):
    while i < cap:
        slot: sizet* = _vpi_idx_slot(idx_base, si)
        sv: sizet = slot[0]
        if sv == 0: return -1
@@ -157,7 +156,6 @@ def _vpi_idx_find(keys: bytes, key_stride: int, idx_base: bytes, cap: int, key:
        ek: bytes = keys + se * key_stride
        if string.strcmp(ek, key) == 0: return se
        si = (si + 1) & mask
        i += 1
    return -1
@@ -167,14 +165,12 @@ def _vpi_idx_insert(idx_base: bytes, cap: int, slot_index: int, key: bytes) -> i
    h: uint64 = _vpi_idx_hash(key)
    mask: sizet = sizet(cap - 1)
    si: sizet = sizet(h) & mask
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(cap):
    while i < cap:
        slot: sizet* = _vpi_idx_slot(idx_base, si)
        if slot[0] == 0:
            slot[0] = sizet(slot_index + 1)
            return 0
        si = (si + 1) & mask
        i += 1
    return 1
@@ -839,13 +835,11 @@ def _vpi_param_annot_seg_is(src_sha1: str, cls_name: str, method_name: str, seg_
    prm: str = _lookup_vpi_param_annots(src_sha1, cls_name, method_name)
    if prm is None or prm[0] == '\0': return 0
    cur: sizet = 0
    seg: int = 0
    # locate segment start: skip seg_idx '@'-separated segments
-    while seg < seg_idx:
+    for seg in range(seg_idx):
        while prm[cur] != '\0' and prm[cur] != '@': cur += 1
        if prm[cur] == '\0': return 0
        cur += 1
        seg += 1
    slen: sizet = 0
    while prm[cur + slen] != '\0' and prm[cur + slen] != '@': slen += 1
    wlen: sizet = string.strlen(want)
@@ -1053,10 +1047,8 @@ def _resolve_single_vpi_type_str(pool: memhub.MemBuddy*, seg: str) -> mlirlite.L
        star_off_ps: sizet = string.strlen(star_buf_ps)
        string.strncpy(star_buf_ps + star_off_ps, seg, star_base_end_ps)
        star_buf_ps[star_off_ps + star_base_end_ps] = '\0'
-        star_k_ps = 0
+        for star_k_ps in range(star_cnt_ps):
        while star_k_ps < star_cnt_ps:
            string.strcat(star_buf_ps, "]")
            star_k_ps += 1
        star_ty_ps: mlirlite.LLVMType* = _resolve_single_vpi_type_str(pool, star_buf_ps)
        stdlib.free(star_buf_ps)
        return star_ty_ps
@@ -1307,10 +1299,8 @@ def _resolve_vpi_ret_annot_str(pool: memhub.MemBuddy*, ret_annot: str, i32_ty: m
    if cptr_sub_lvl > 0:
        if first_ty is None: return cptr_sub_ty
        res_ty_cs: mlirlite.LLVMType* = first_ty
-        wrap_i_cs: int = 0
+        for wrap_i_cs in range(cptr_sub_lvl):
        while wrap_i_cs < cptr_sub_lvl:
            res_ty_cs = mlirlite.Ptr(pool, res_ty_cs)
            wrap_i_cs += 1
        return res_ty_cs
    if has_cvoid != 0:
        # t.CVoid | t.State: State is a decorator marker (ignored), t.CVoid -> void.
@@ -416,12 +416,10 @@ def LookupSha1ByAlias(from_imports: str, alias: str) -> str:
        if colon < total_len and from_imports[colon] == ':' and local_len == alias_len:
            # compare local_name == alias
            Matched: int = 1
-            li: sizet = 0
+            for li in range(alias_len):
            while li < alias_len:
                if from_imports[ci + li] != alias[li]:
                    Matched = 0
                    break
                li += 1
            if Matched == 1:
                # extract module (from colon+1 to next ':' or space)
                m_start: sizet = colon + 1
@@ -459,12 +457,10 @@ def LookupModNameByAlias(from_imports: str, alias: str) -> str:
        if colon < total_len and from_imports[colon] == ':' and local_len == alias_len:
            # compare local_name == alias
            Matched: int = 1
-            li: sizet = 0
+            for li in range(alias_len):
            while li < alias_len:
                if from_imports[ci + li] != alias[li]:
                    Matched = 0
                    break
                li += 1
            if Matched == 1:
                # extract module (from colon+1 to next ':' or space)
                m_start: sizet = colon + 1
@@ -721,15 +721,13 @@ novirtual class AssignGenMixin:
                        n_s: sizet = string.strlen(sv_s)
                        if sizet(arr_count) < n_s:
                            self.Gen.TypeGenErr.fatal_error(list_node, f"字符串字面量长度 {n_s} 超过字符数组声明长度 {arr_count}，不允许越界写入", "OverflowError")
-                        bi_s: sizet = 0
+                        for bi_s in range(n_s):
                        while bi_s < n_s:
                            bidx_s: mlirlite.Value* = mlirlite.const_int32(pool, bi_s)
                            bp_s: mlirlite.Value* = mlirlite.build_gep_array(builder, arr_ty, elem_ty, array_alloca, bidx_s)
                            if bp_s is None: break
                            bvv: mlirlite.Value* = mlirlite.const_int32(pool, sv_s[bi_s])
                            bsv: mlirlite.Value* = self.Gen.ExprGenBase.coerce_to_type(builder, bvv, elem_ty, e0_s)
                            mlirlite.build_store(builder, bsv, bp_s)
                            bi_s += 1
                        return 0
        # Element count exceeds declared length: fail fast (avoid out-of-range GEP writes)
@@ -182,12 +182,10 @@ novirtual class CallGenBase:
                fl2_od: sizet = fend_od - fstart_od
                if fl2_od == name_len:
                    fd_eq_od: int = 1
-                    fdi_od: sizet = 0
+                    for fdi_od in range(fl2_od):
                    while fdi_od < fl2_od:
                        if buf[fstart_od + fdi_od] != func_name[fdi_od]:
                            fd_eq_od = 0
                            break
                        fdi_od += 1
                    if fd_eq_od != 0: has_own_def = 1
                continue
            # line must start with "from "
@@ -455,7 +453,7 @@ novirtual class CallGenBase:
        while cur is not None:
            cur_name: str = mlirlite.function_get_name(cur)
            if cur_name is not None:
-                # fast path: skip strcmp when first chars differ (mangled names start
+                # fast path: skip strcmp when first chars differ (mangled names start
                # with sha1 hex, bare names with letters/underscore)
                if cur_name[0] == name[0] and string.strcmp(cur_name, name) == 0: return cur
                # use Function.NameLen (computed once) instead of per-node strlen
@@ -760,10 +758,8 @@ novirtual class CallGenBase:
                        stdlib.free(nm_buf)
                        if nm_ty is not None:
                            nm_wrap: mlirlite.LLVMType* = nm_ty
-                            nm_i: int = 0
+                            for nm_i in range(nm_star):
                            while nm_i < nm_star:
                                nm_wrap = mlirlite.Ptr(pool, nm_wrap)
                                nm_i += 1
                            return nm_wrap
        # contains "*" -> generic i8* (i8*, i32*, { i32, i8 }*, unregistered %name*)
@@ -744,7 +744,7 @@ novirtual class CallGenCall(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
                                        if base_pfx_g != 0: base_clean_g = base_buf_g + sizet(base_pfx_g)
                                        spec_name_g: str = self.Gen.ClassGenGeneric._specialize_generic_class(trans, base_clean_g, ta_list_g)
                                        if spec_name_g is not None:
-                                            # Re-lookup the specialized function after specialization;
+                                            # Re-lookup the specialized function after specialization;
                                            # find_func_in_module matches both bare and tpl-prefixed names.
                                            spec_lk_g: str = pool.alloc(string.strlen(class_name) + string.strlen(method_name) + 2)
                                            if spec_lk_g is not None:
@@ -871,7 +871,7 @@ novirtual class CallGenCall(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
        kwc: sizet = 0
        if kw_calls is not None: kwc = len(kw_calls)
-        # Multi-inheritance this-adjust (byte-offset): delta = field offset in the
+        # Multi-inheritance this-adjust (byte-offset): delta = field offset in the
        # subclass minus in the parent layout; delta>0 GEPs and bitcasts to the parent.
        self_arg: mlirlite.Value* = obj_ptr
        if mc_anc is not None and string.strcmp(mc_anc, class_name) != 0:
@@ -887,15 +887,13 @@ novirtual class CallGenCall(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
            # fields, so this needs no byte adjust; pass it through unchanged.
            if anc_entry_th is not None and anc_entry_th.FieldCount > 0:
                anc_first_name_th: str = None
-                afi_th: int = 0
+                for afi_th in range(anc_entry_th.FieldCount):
                while afi_th < anc_entry_th.FieldCount:
                    afe_th: GenTypes.FieldEntry* = self.Gen.StructGen._get_field_entry(anc_entry_th, afi_th)
                    if afe_th is not None:
                        afn_th: str = self.Gen.StructGen.get_field_name_ptr(afe_th)
                        if afn_th is not None and string.strcmp(afn_th, "__vtable__") != 0:
                            anc_first_name_th = afn_th
                            break
                    afi_th += 1
                if anc_first_name_th is not None:
                    sub_entry_th: GenTypes.StructEntry* = self.Gen.StructGen.find_struct(class_name)
                    if sub_entry_th is not None:
@@ -1442,15 +1440,13 @@ novirtual class CallGenCall(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
            anc_entry_sp: GenTypes.StructEntry* = self.Gen.StructGen.find_struct(anc)
            if anc_entry_sp is not None and anc_entry_sp.FieldCount > 0:
                first_name_sp: str = None
-                afi_sp: int = 0
+                for afi_sp in range(anc_entry_sp.FieldCount):
                while afi_sp < anc_entry_sp.FieldCount:
                    afe_sp: GenTypes.FieldEntry* = self.Gen.StructGen._get_field_entry(anc_entry_sp, afi_sp)
                    if afe_sp is not None:
                        afn_sp: str = self.Gen.StructGen.get_field_name_ptr(afe_sp)
                        if afn_sp is not None and string.strcmp(afn_sp, "__vtable__") != 0:
                            first_name_sp = afn_sp
                            break
                    afi_sp += 1
                if first_name_sp is not None:
                    sub_entry_sp: GenTypes.StructEntry* = self.Gen.StructGen.find_struct(cur_class)
                    if sub_entry_sp is not None:
@@ -1563,12 +1559,10 @@ novirtual class CallGenCall(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
            e: GenTypes.StructEntry* = self.Gen.StructGen._get_struct_entry(j)
            if e is not None and e.Name is not None:
                pc: int = self.Gen.StructGen.get_parent_count(e.Name)
-                pj: int = 0
+                for pj in range(pc):
                while pj < pc:
                    pn: str = self.Gen.StructGen.get_parent_name_at(e.Name, pj)
                    if pn is not None:
                        if string.strcmp(pn, class_name) == 0: return 1
                    pj += 1
            j += 1
        return 0
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ novirtual class CallGenCtor(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
                    # in translate_constant, else coercing an inttoptr char value as a pointer crashes).
                    fe: GenTypes.FieldEntry* = None
                    if ctor_entry is not None:
-                        # Field 0 is __vtable__ (vtable pointer placeholder): ctor args must skip it,
+                        # Field 0 is __vtable__ (vtable pointer placeholder): ctor args must skip it,
                        # else an arg overwrites the vtable slot and isinstance/dispatch break.
                        target_idx: int = 0
                        for fi in range(ctor_entry.FieldCount):
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ novirtual class CallGenCtor(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
                if val_bits == 1:
                    # i1 is a boolean (from icmp/fcmp) with unsigned semantics; must zext
                    return mlirlite.build_zext(builder, val, target_ty)
-                # Unify the widening direction (same source as coerce_to_type's _zext_or_sext_val):
+                # Unify the widening direction (same source as coerce_to_type's _zext_or_sext_val):
                # i1/i8 -> zext; unsigned source -> zext; else sext (keeps the source's signedness).
                if self.Gen.ExprGenBase._zext_or_sext_val(pool, val, src_node, trans) != 0: return mlirlite.build_zext(builder, val, target_ty)
                return mlirlite.build_sext(builder, val, target_ty)
@@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ novirtual class CallGenCtor(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
            tn = self.Gen.TypeGenResolve._norm_type_arg_name(pool, tn_raw, from_imports)
            if tn is not None: result.append(tn)
        return result
-    # Generic-class ctor helper list[str](pool, 8): reuse translate_list_literal's flow (alloca,
+    # Generic-class ctor helper list[str](pool, 8): reuse translate_list_literal's flow (alloca,
    # arg array, __new__ -> __before_init__ -> __init__). Must not go through the normal call path.
    # _ptr_layer_type_arg - add the pointer layer (`*`) to inferred type args so the ctor side
@@ -784,7 +784,7 @@ novirtual class CallGenCtor(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
        tmp: mlirlite.Value* = self.Gen.VarGen._alloca_at_entry(builder, struct_ty)
        if tmp is None: return None
-        # Translate args into a pointer array (extra_args[slot]): positional args -> slots
+        # Translate args into a pointer array (extra_args[slot]): positional args -> slots
        # 0..can-1; keywords -> slot by __init__ param name. Positional wins; order must not be assumed.
        cargs: list[ast.AST*]* = cl.args
        can: sizet = 0
@@ -840,12 +840,10 @@ novirtual class CallGenCtor(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
                if slot_kw > arg_max_filled: arg_max_filled = slot_kw
            # Slots must be contiguous (0..arg_max_filled all filled): a hole means a param
            # got neither positional nor keyword arg. Never pass the hole as 0; fail-fast.
-            ci_hole: int = 0
+            for ci_hole in range(arg_max_filled + 1):
            while ci_hole <= arg_max_filled:
                if arg_filled[sizet(ci_hole)] == 0:
                    self.Gen.TypeGenErr.fatal_error(cl, f"泛型类 '{tmpl_name}' 的关键字构造缺少前置形参（第 {ci_hole + 1} 个实参位置既无位置实参也无关键字实参）", "TypeError")
                    break
                ci_hole += 1
        arg_count: int = 0
        if arg_max_filled >= 0: arg_count = arg_max_filled + 1
@@ -171,8 +171,7 @@ novirtual class CallGenDispatch(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
        head: mlirlite.Value* = None
        tail: mlirlite.Value* = None
        fp: mlirlite.Param* = mlirlite.function_get_param_head(func)
-        ai: sizet = 0
+        for ai in range(can):
        while ai < can:
            arg: ast.AST* = cargs.get(ai)
            fpty: mlirlite.LLVMType* = None
            if fp is not None: fpty = mlirlite.param_get_ty(fp)
@@ -185,7 +184,6 @@ novirtual class CallGenDispatch(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
                    else: tail.Next = av
                    tail = av
            if fp is not None: fp = mlirlite.param_get_next(fp)
            ai += 1
        # build_call's second arg is the callee name string (not Function*); passing a Function*
        # reads its first field as a string and emits illegal IR. Use the looked-up symbol name.
        return mlirlite.build_call(builder, spec_name, head, int(can), ret_ty, 0)
@@ -65,8 +65,7 @@ def _gfn_idx_find(funcs: GenTypes.FuncEntry*, idx_base: sizet*, cap: int, name:
    mask: sizet = sizet(cap - 1)
    si: sizet = sizet(h) & mask
    entry_size: sizet = GenTypes.FuncEntry.__sizeof__()
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(cap):
    while i < cap:
        slot: sizet* = _gfn_idx_slot(idx_base, si)
        sv: sizet = slot[0]
        if sv == 0: return -1
@@ -76,7 +75,6 @@ def _gfn_idx_find(funcs: GenTypes.FuncEntry*, idx_base: sizet*, cap: int, name:
        if entry is not None and entry.Name is not None:
            if string.strcmp(entry.Name, name) == 0: return se
        si = (si + 1) & mask
        i += 1
    return -1
@@ -86,14 +84,12 @@ def _gfn_idx_insert(idx_base: sizet*, cap: int, slot_index: int, name: str) -> i
    h: uint64 = _gfn_hash(name)
    mask: sizet = sizet(cap - 1)
    si: sizet = sizet(h) & mask
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(cap):
    while i < cap:
        slot: sizet* = _gfn_idx_slot(idx_base, si)
        if slot[0] == 0:
            slot[0] = sizet(slot_index + 1)
            return 0
        si = (si + 1) & mask
        i += 1
    return 1
@@ -936,7 +932,7 @@ novirtual class CallGenLeafKit(CallGenCBuiltin.CallGenCBuiltin):
        return 0
-    # _build_func_spec: build the full-signature TypeSpec (Kind=TS_FUNC) from a function after all
+    # _build_func_spec: build the full-signature TypeSpec (Kind=TS_FUNC) from a function after all
    # params are added; unlike SpecFromLLVMType's Func branch it carries func.IsVarArg.
    def _build_func_spec(self, func: mlirlite.Function*) -> TSpec.TypeSpec*:
        """Build the full-signature TypeSpec from a function; returns None on failure"""
@@ -116,13 +116,11 @@ novirtual class CallGenProp(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
                    n_av: sizet = string.strlen(annot_val)
                    last_dot_av: sizet = n_av
                    depth_av: int = 0
-                    ai_av: sizet = 0
+                    for ai_av in range(n_av):
                    while ai_av < n_av:
                        ch_av: int = annot_val[ai_av]
                        if ch_av == '[': depth_av += 1
                        elif ch_av == ']': depth_av -= 1
                        elif ch_av == '.' and depth_av == 0: last_dot_av = ai_av
                        ai_av += 1
                    if last_dot_av < n_av: return annot_val + last_dot_av + 1
                    return annot_val
        return None
@@ -263,7 +261,7 @@ novirtual class CallGenProp(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
        pfx: int = GenApi.sha1_prefix_len(name)
        return name + pfx if pfx != 0 else name
-    # _resolve_generic_receiver_name - resolve the receiver's actual generic specialization name (IR truth).
+    # _resolve_generic_receiver_name - resolve the receiver's actual generic specialization name (IR truth).
    # Strip the sha1 prefix, take the base before '['; bare generic base => fail-fast (D25), else None.
    def _resolve_generic_receiver_name(self, pool: memhub.MemBuddy*, struct_ty: mlirlite.LLVMType*, method_name: str, cl: ast.Call*) -> str:
        """Return the actual generic specialization name (sha1 stripped) or None; a bare generic base fails fast"""
@@ -287,7 +285,7 @@ novirtual class CallGenProp(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
        self.Gen.TypeGenErr.fatal_error(cl, f"方法 '{method_name}' 的接收者实际结构体类型是裸泛型基类 " f"'{short_nm}*'（丢失类型实参），元素类型未知；" f"禁止静默按默认元素类型处理（元素按 i32 处理会截断指针），" f"请让该变量的注解/类型带上实参（如 list[ast.AST*]）", "TypeError")
        return None
-    # _is_list_builtin_receiver - test list builtin methods from the receiver's actual type.
+    # _is_list_builtin_receiver - test list builtin methods from the receiver's actual type.
    # Prefer the actual LLVM struct name (sha1 stripped); fall back to the annotation/registered name.
    def _is_list_builtin_receiver(self, pool: memhub.MemBuddy*, recv_val: mlirlite.Value*, fallback_name: str, method_name: str, cl: ast.Call*) -> int:
        """Test list builtin methods from the receiver's actual type (fall back to the annotation name if unavailable)"""
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ novirtual class ExprGenAttr(ExprGenBase.ExprGenBase):
        # these objects are referenced at runtime, so emit a linkonce_odr definition with null init.
        is_t_type_obj: int = 0
        if string.strcmp(mod_path_w, "t") == 0: is_t_type_obj = self._is_t_type_object_name(at.attr)
-        # a class name is not a module-level global: registered classes/structs/REnums are always
+        # a class name is not a module-level global: registered classes/structs/REnums are always
        # handled by the class/REnum paths, never manufactured into an external global here.
        if is_t_type_obj == 0 and self.Gen.StructGen.find_struct(at.attr) is not None: return None
        # fallback declaration name: t type objects (t.py uncompiled, no sha1) keep the bare
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ novirtual class ExprGenAttr(ExprGenBase.ExprGenBase):
                                if alias_fe is not None and alias_fe.Ty is not None:
                                    alias_ptr: mlirlite.Value* = mlirlite.build_gep_struct(builder, struct_ty, alias_fe.Ty, obj_ptr, alias_idx)
                                    if alias_ptr is not None:
-                                        # REnum variant field read by its declared type (matching match binding): the slot is i32/i64,
+                                        # REnum variant field read by its declared type (matching match binding): the slot is i32/i64,
                                        # so bitcast the slot address then load the declared type (no info loss) to avoid an int→ptr error.
                                        decl_ty_rn: mlirlite.LLVMType* = self.Gen.ClassGenEnum._lookup_renum_field_alias_ty(renum_se.Name, at.attr)
                                        if decl_ty_rn is not None:
@@ -878,11 +878,9 @@ novirtual class ExprGenAttr(ExprGenBase.ExprGenBase):
        if bare is None: return None
        st: GenTypes.StructEntry* = self.Gen.StructGen.find_struct(bare)
        if st is None: return None
-        fi: int = 0
+        for fi in range(st.FieldCount):
        while fi < st.FieldCount:
            fe_u: GenTypes.FieldEntry* = self.Gen.StructGen._get_field_entry(st, fi)
            if fe_u is not None and fe_u.Name is not None and string.strcmp(fe_u.Name, at.attr) == 0: return fe_u
            fi += 1
        return None
    def attr_field_pointee_is_volatile(self, pool: memhub.MemBuddy*, trans: HT.Translator*, attr_node: ast.AST*) -> int:
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import lib.Stub.StubMerger.StubMergerStore as StubMergerStore
 novirtual class ExprGenCdef(ExprGenBase.ExprGenBase):
    """Cross-module CDefine lookup"""
-    # _build_source_path_from_sha1: build a source .vp/.py path from SHA1 via the StubMerger
+    # _build_source_path_from_sha1: build a source .vp/.py path from SHA1 via the StubMerger
    # global store (.vpi missing -> source .py); "lib/..." -> SourceDir, else IncludesDir.
    def _build_source_path_from_sha1(self, sha1: str) -> str:
        """Build a source .py path from a SHA1 via the global store"""
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ novirtual class ExprGenCdef(ExprGenBase.ExprGenBase):
        ridx: sizet = sizet(idx_s) * MAX_RPL
        rel_path: str = rel_arr_ptr + ridx
        if rel_path[0] == '\0': return None
-        # choose base dir: 1) stored includes root IncDir (absolute, supports multiple dirs);
+        # choose base dir: 1) stored includes root IncDir (absolute, supports multiple dirs);
        # 2) prefix heuristic: "lib/" -> SourceDir, "includes/" -> IncludesDir, else SourceDir then IncludesDir.
        base_dir: str = None
        rel_used: str = rel_path
@@ -175,19 +175,15 @@ novirtual class ExprGenCdef(ExprGenBase.ExprGenBase):
                if im_nlen > 0 and im_nlen < 256:
                    im_buf: str = pool.alloc(im_nlen + 1)
                    if im_buf is not None:
-                        mk: sizet = 0
+                        for mk in range(im_nlen):
                        while mk < im_nlen:
                            im_buf[mk] = imported_modules[im_start + mk]
                            mk += 1
                        im_buf[im_nlen] = '\0'
                        sub_fi: str = pool.alloc(im_nlen + 3)
                        if sub_fi is not None:
                            sub_fi[0] = '*'
                            sub_fi[1] = ':'
-                            mk2: sizet = 0
+                            for mk2 in range(im_nlen):
                            while mk2 < im_nlen:
                                sub_fi[2 + mk2] = im_buf[mk2]
                                mk2 += 1
                            sub_fi[2 + im_nlen] = '\0'
                            sub_val: int64 = self._lookup_cross_module_cdefine(pool, name, sub_fi, None, depth + 1, node)
                            if self.Gen.TypeGenCDef.is_cdefine_found() != 0: return sub_val
@@ -752,19 +748,15 @@ novirtual class ExprGenCdef(ExprGenBase.ExprGenBase):
                if im2_nlen > 0 and im2_nlen < 256:
                    im2_buf: str = pool.alloc(im2_nlen + 1)
                    if im2_buf is not None:
-                        mk3: sizet = 0
+                        for mk3 in range(im2_nlen):
                        while mk3 < im2_nlen:
                            im2_buf[mk3] = imported_modules[im2_start + mk3]
                            mk3 += 1
                        im2_buf[im2_nlen] = '\0'
                        sub_fi2: str = pool.alloc(im2_nlen + 3)
                        if sub_fi2 is not None:
                            sub_fi2[0] = '*'
                            sub_fi2[1] = ':'
-                            mk4: sizet = 0
+                            for mk4 in range(im2_nlen):
                            while mk4 < im2_nlen:
                                sub_fi2[2 + mk4] = im2_buf[mk4]
                                mk4 += 1
                            sub_fi2[2 + im2_nlen] = '\0'
                            sub_val2: int64 = self._lookup_cross_module_cdefine(pool, name, sub_fi2, None, depth + 1, node)
                            if self.Gen.TypeGenCDef.is_cdefine_found() != 0:
@@ -219,8 +219,7 @@ novirtual class ExprGenOps(ExprGenBase.ExprGenBase):
                    if bare_u is not None:
                        st_u: GenTypes.StructEntry* = self.Gen.StructGen.find_struct(bare_u)
                        if st_u is not None:
-                            fi_u: int = 0
+                            for fi_u in range(st_u.FieldCount):
                            while fi_u < st_u.FieldCount:
                                fe_u: GenTypes.FieldEntry* = self.Gen.StructGen._get_field_entry(st_u, fi_u)
                                if fe_u is not None and fe_u.Name is not None and string.strcmp(fe_u.Name, at_u.attr) == 0:
                                    # [S4 read] An explicit unsigned field Spec wins
@@ -229,7 +228,6 @@ novirtual class ExprGenOps(ExprGenBase.ExprGenBase):
                                    if fcn_u is not None:
                                        if self._annot_str_unsigned(fcn_u) != 0: return 1
                                    break
                                fi_u += 1
            return 0
        return 0
    def _node_type_signed(self, pool: memhub.MemBuddy*, node: ast.AST*, trans: HT.Translator* = None) -> int:
@@ -179,8 +179,7 @@ novirtual class ImportsGenMixin:
        if name is None: return 0
        if StubMergerStore.LookupSha1ByModName(name) is None: return 0
        nl: sizet = string.strlen(name)
-        dot_pos: sizet = 0
+        for dot_pos in range(nl):
        while dot_pos < nl:
            if name[dot_pos] == '.':
                pfx: str = stdlib.malloc(dot_pos + 1)
                if pfx is not None:
@@ -189,7 +188,6 @@ novirtual class ImportsGenMixin:
                    hit: int = self.is_module_imported(imported_modules, pfx)
                    stdlib.free(pfx)
                    if hit != 0: return 1
            dot_pos += 1
        return 0
    # Add a from-import name mapping
@@ -240,12 +238,10 @@ novirtual class ImportsGenMixin:
            # Compare the name
            if entry_name_len == name_len:
                Matched: int = 1
-                ei: sizet = 0
+                for ei in range(name_len):
                while ei < name_len:
                    if cur[ci + ei] != local_name[ei]:
                        Matched = 0
                        break
                    ei += 1
                if Matched == 1:
                    # Match found; check for a third field (the original name)
                    pos: sizet = colon1 + 1
@@ -309,12 +305,10 @@ novirtual class ImportsGenMixin:
            # Compare the name
            elif entry_name_len == name_len:
                Matched: int = 1
-                ei: sizet = 0
+                for ei in range(name_len):
                while ei < name_len:
                    if cur[ci + ei] != name[ei]:
                        Matched = 0
                        break
                    ei += 1
                if Matched == 1:
                    mod_start2: sizet = colon_pos + 1
                    mod_end2: sizet = mod_start2
@@ -395,12 +389,10 @@ novirtual class ImportsGenMixin:
            pkg_len: sizet = string.strlen(pkg)
            last_dot: sizet = 0
            found: int = 0
-            i: sizet = 0
+            for i in range(pkg_len):
            while i < pkg_len:
                if pkg[i] == '.':
                    last_dot = i
                    found = 1
                i += 1
            if found == 0:
                # No more parents (the relative level exceeds the package depth): fall back to
                # the original module; a later import SHA1 check reports "module not found".
@@ -443,13 +435,11 @@ novirtual class ImportsGenMixin:
        # Find the last / or \
        last_sep: sizet = 0
        found: int = 0
-        i: sizet = 0
+        for i in range(rlen):
        while i < rlen:
            ch: char = rel_path[i]
            if ch == '/' or ch == '\\':
                last_sep = i
                found = 1
            i += 1
        if found == 0:
            # No directory separator -> top-level file, no package
            return None
@@ -457,12 +447,10 @@ novirtual class ImportsGenMixin:
        dir_len: sizet = last_sep
        buf: str = pool.alloc(dir_len + 1)
        if buf is None: return None
-        j: sizet = 0
+        for j in range(dir_len):
        while j < dir_len:
            ch2: char = rel_path[j]
            if ch2 == '/' or ch2 == '\\': buf[j] = '.'
            else: buf[j] = ch2
            j += 1
        buf[dir_len] = '\0'
        return buf
@@ -55,12 +55,10 @@ def _struct_ty_hash(tyval: uint64) -> uint64:
    """Hash a Ty pointer value with 32-bit FNV-1a over its 8 bytes."""
    h: uint64 = uint64(FNV32_OFFSET)
    v: uint64 = tyval
-    j: int = 0
+    for j in range(8):
    while j < 8:
        h = (h ^ (v & uint64(255))) * uint64(FNV32_PRIME)
        h = h & uint64(FNV32_MASK)
        v = v >> 8
        j += 1
    return h
@@ -331,14 +329,12 @@ novirtual class StructGenMixin:
        h: uint64 = _struct_name_hash(name)
        mask: sizet = sizet(self.StructIdxCap - 1)
        idx: sizet = sizet(h) & mask
-        i: int = 0
+        for i in range(self.StructIdxCap):
        while i < self.StructIdxCap:
            slot: sizet* = (sizet*)(uint64(base) + uint64(idx * 8))
            if slot[0] == 0:
                slot[0] = sizet(ei + 1)
                return 0
            idx = (idx + 1) & mask
            i += 1
        return 1
    def _struct_type_idx_insert(self, ei: int, tyval: uint64) -> int:
@@ -348,14 +344,12 @@ novirtual class StructGenMixin:
        h: uint64 = _struct_ty_hash(tyval)
        mask: sizet = sizet(self.StructIdxCap - 1)
        idx: sizet = sizet(h) & mask
-        i: int = 0
+        for i in range(self.StructIdxCap):
        while i < self.StructIdxCap:
            slot: sizet* = (sizet*)(uint64(base) + uint64(idx * 8))
            if slot[0] == 0:
                slot[0] = sizet(ei + 1)
                return 0
            idx = (idx + 1) & mask
            i += 1
        return 1
    def _struct_idx_add(self, ei: int, entry: GenTypes.StructEntry*) -> None:
@@ -529,11 +529,9 @@ novirtual class Translator:
        """Return 1 if name is a registered Project macro variable."""
        if name is None or proj_vars is None: return 0
        n: sizet = len(proj_vars)
-        i: sizet = 0
+        for i in range(n):
        while i < n:
            s: str = proj_vars.get(i)
            if s is not None and string.strcmp(s, name) == 0: return 1
            i += 1
        return 0
    def _vb_is_project_ctor(self, value: ast.AST*, alias: str, ctor: str) -> int:
@@ -631,26 +629,22 @@ novirtual class Translator:
                if kd == ast.ASTKind.Import:
                    names: list[ast.AST*]* = ast.Import*(child).names
                    if names is not None:
-                        ni: sizet = 0
+                        for ni in range(len(names)):
                        while ni < len(names):
                            al: ast.Alias* = ast.Alias*(names.get(ni))
                            if al is not None and al.name is not None:
                                if string.strcmp(al.name, "viperbuild") == 0:
                                    if al.asname is not None: alias = al.asname
                                    else: alias = "viperbuild"
                            ni += 1
                elif kd == ast.ASTKind.ImportFrom:
                    ifr: ast.ImportFrom* = ast.ImportFrom*(child)
                    if ifr is not None and ifr.level == 0 and ifr.names is not None:
                        if ifr.module is not None and string.strcmp(ifr.module, "viperbuild") == 0:
-                            ni: sizet = 0
+                            for ni in range(len(ifr.names)):
                            while ni < len(ifr.names):
                                al: ast.Alias* = ast.Alias*(ifr.names.get(ni))
                                if al is not None and al.name is not None:
                                    if string.strcmp(al.name, "Project") == 0:
                                        if al.asname is not None: ctor = al.asname
                                        else: ctor = "Project"
                                ni += 1
            ci += 1
        if alias is None and ctor is None: return 0
        # (2) Filter: register Project macro variables, then drop the related statements
@@ -658,13 +652,11 @@ novirtual class Translator:
        kept: list[ast.AST*]* = list[ast.AST*](pool, 8)
        if proj_vars is None or kept is None: return 0
        erased: int = 0
-        ci = 0
+        for ci in range(cn):
        while ci < cn:
            child = ch.get(ci)
            if child is not None:
                if self._vb_is_macro_stmt(child, alias, ctor, proj_vars) != 0: erased = 1
                else: kept.append(child)
            ci += 1
        if erased != 0: tree.children = kept
        return erased
@@ -185,8 +185,7 @@ novirtual class TranslatorGenMixin:
                elem_ty_str_n: str = pool.alloc(512)
                if elem_ty_str_n is None: return None
                mlirlite.TypePrint(elem_ty_str_n, 512, elem_ty, pool)
-                i_n: sizet = 0
+                for i_n in range(cnt_total_n):
                while i_n < cnt_total_n:
                    sub_n: str = None
                    if i_n < elts_count:
                        en_n: ast.AST* = elts.get(i_n)
@@ -206,7 +205,6 @@ novirtual class TranslatorGenMixin:
                        pos_n += sizet(written_n)
                    written_n = viperlib.snprintf(buf_n + pos_n, buf_size_n - pos_n, "%s%s", elem_ty_str_n, sub_n)
                    pos_n += sizet(written_n)
                    i_n += 1
                viperlib.snprintf(buf_n + pos_n, buf_size_n - pos_n, "]")
                return buf_n
            for zi in range(elts_count):
@@ -238,8 +236,7 @@ novirtual class TranslatorGenMixin:
        # Write elements up to the declared length arr_count, zero-padding short lists so the
        # initializer element count always matches the type llc expects.
-        i: sizet = 0
+        for i in range(cnt_total):
        while i < cnt_total:
            elem_val: int64 = 0
            if i < elts_count:
                elem_node: ast.AST* = elts.get(i)
@@ -263,7 +260,6 @@ novirtual class TranslatorGenMixin:
                pos += sizet(written)
            written = viperlib.snprintf(buf + pos, buf_size - pos, "%s %lld", elem_ir_ty, elem_val)
            pos += sizet(written)
            i += 1
        # Write the closing "]" suffix
        viperlib.snprintf(buf + pos, buf_size - pos, "]")
@@ -286,8 +282,7 @@ novirtual class TranslatorGenMixin:
        if buf is None: return None
        written: int = viperlib.snprintf(buf, buf_size, "[")
        pos: sizet = sizet(written)
-        i: sizet = 0
+        for i in range(sizet(arr_count)):
        while i < sizet(arr_count):
            if i > 0:
                written = viperlib.snprintf(buf + pos, buf_size - pos, ", ")
                pos += sizet(written)
@@ -295,7 +290,6 @@ novirtual class TranslatorGenMixin:
            if i < slen: bv = int64(str_val[i])
            written = viperlib.snprintf(buf + pos, buf_size - pos, "i8 %lld", bv)
            pos += sizet(written)
            i += 1
        viperlib.snprintf(buf + pos, buf_size - pos, "]")
        return buf
@@ -64,8 +64,7 @@ novirtual class TypeGenCDef(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
        h: uint64 = self._cdef_idx_hash(name)
        mask: sizet = sizet(self.CDefineNameIdxCap - 1)
        si: sizet = sizet(h) & mask
-        i: int = 0
+        for i in range(self.CDefineNameIdxCap):
        while i < self.CDefineNameIdxCap:
            slot: sizet* = self._cdef_idx_slot(si)
            sv: sizet = slot[0]
            if sv == 0: return -1
@@ -73,7 +72,6 @@ novirtual class TypeGenCDef(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
            nm: str = self.CDefineNames.get(sizet(se))
            if nm is not None and string.strcmp(nm, name) == 0: return se
            si = (si + 1) & mask
            i += 1
        return -1
    def _cdef_idx_insert(self, slot_index: int, name: str) -> int:
@@ -82,14 +80,12 @@ novirtual class TypeGenCDef(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
        h: uint64 = self._cdef_idx_hash(name)
        mask: sizet = sizet(self.CDefineNameIdxCap - 1)
        si: sizet = sizet(h) & mask
-        i: int = 0
+        for i in range(self.CDefineNameIdxCap):
        while i < self.CDefineNameIdxCap:
            slot: sizet* = self._cdef_idx_slot(si)
            if slot[0] == 0:
                slot[0] = sizet(slot_index + 1)
                return 0
            si = (si + 1) & mask
            i += 1
        return 1
    def _cdef_idx_sync_append(self, name: str) -> None:
@@ -71,8 +71,7 @@ class TypeGenCType(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
        h: uint64 = _ctypedef_idx_hash(name)
        mask: sizet = sizet(self.CTypedefNameIdxCap - 1)
        si: sizet = sizet(h) & mask
-        i: int = 0
+        for i in range(self.CTypedefNameIdxCap):
        while i < self.CTypedefNameIdxCap:
            slot: sizet* = self._ctypedef_idx_slot(si)
            sv: sizet = slot[0]
            if sv == 0: return -1
@@ -80,7 +79,6 @@ class TypeGenCType(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
            nm: str = self.CTypedefNames.get(sizet(se))
            if nm is not None and string.strcmp(nm, name) == 0: return se
            si = (si + 1) & mask
            i += 1
        return -1
    def _ctypedef_idx_insert(self, slot_index: int, name: str) -> int:
@@ -89,14 +87,12 @@ class TypeGenCType(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
        h: uint64 = _ctypedef_idx_hash(name)
        mask: sizet = sizet(self.CTypedefNameIdxCap - 1)
        si: sizet = sizet(h) & mask
-        i: int = 0
+        for i in range(self.CTypedefNameIdxCap):
        while i < self.CTypedefNameIdxCap:
            slot: sizet* = self._ctypedef_idx_slot(si)
            if slot[0] == 0:
                slot[0] = sizet(slot_index + 1)
                return 0
            si = (si + 1) & mask
            i += 1
        return 1
    def _ctypedef_idx_sync_append(self, name: str) -> None:
@@ -216,12 +212,10 @@ class TypeGenCType(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
            # rules out a match without strlen.
            if nm[0] != text[start] or string.strlen(nm) != want: continue
            hit: int = 1
-            k: sizet = 0
+            for k in range(want):
            while k < want:
                if nm[k] != text[start + k]:
                    hit = 0
                    break
                k += 1
            if hit != 0:
                ts: str = self.CTypedefTypeStrs.get(i)
                self.CTypedefFound = 1
@@ -331,15 +331,13 @@ novirtual class TypeGenResolve(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
        if seg_len == 0: return type_name
        pipe_idx: sizet = seg_len
        p_depth: int = 0
-        pi: sizet = 0
+        for pi in range(seg_len):
        while pi < seg_len:
            ch_p: int = type_name[pi]
            if ch_p == '[': p_depth += 1
            elif ch_p == ']': p_depth -= 1
            elif ch_p == '|' and p_depth == 0:
                pipe_idx = pi
                break
            pi += 1
        if pipe_idx < seg_len:
            left_buf: str = pool.alloc(pipe_idx + 1)
            if left_buf is None: return type_name
@@ -376,15 +374,13 @@ novirtual class TypeGenResolve(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
        # normalize each; t.CArray / list keep their count arg verbatim.
        lb_idx: sizet = seg_len
        ld: int = 0
-        li2: sizet = 0
+        for li2 in range(seg_len):
        while li2 < seg_len:
            if type_name[li2] == '[':
                if ld == 0:
                    lb_idx = li2
                    break
                ld += 1
            elif type_name[li2] == ']': ld -= 1
            li2 += 1
        if lb_idx < seg_len and type_name[seg_len - 1] == ']':
            container_g: str = pool.alloc(lb_idx + 1)
            if container_g is not None:
@@ -675,12 +671,10 @@ novirtual class TypeGenResolve(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
        # Check for '|' (BinOp): search only within the valid range [0, seg_len)
        pipe_idx: sizet = seg_len
-        pi: sizet = 0
+        for pi in range(seg_len):
        while pi < seg_len:
            if type_str[pi] == '|':
                pipe_idx = pi
                break
            pi += 1
        if pipe_idx < seg_len:
            # Copy the left segment into its own buffer (trim trailing spaces), preserving the original
            left_len: sizet = pipe_idx
@@ -699,12 +693,10 @@ novirtual class TypeGenResolve(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
        # Check for '[' (Subscript) like t.Callable[[int], int]; must precede the '.'
        # check since it is a Subscript. Parse fully via ast.parse_expression.
        bracket_idx: sizet = seg_len
-        bi: sizet = 0
+        for bi in range(seg_len):
        while bi < seg_len:
            if type_str[bi] == '[':
                bracket_idx = bi
                break
            bi += 1
        if bracket_idx < seg_len:
            # If the inner part starts with a digit (a "{16hex}.Class" name), the lexer
            # mis-scans it as a number; split base+slice manually for a single non-nested arg.
@@ -759,12 +751,10 @@ novirtual class TypeGenResolve(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
        # Whether the text contains '.' (Attribute): search only within [0, seg_len).
        dot_idx: sizet = seg_len
-        di: sizet = 0
+        for di in range(seg_len):
        while di < seg_len:
            if type_str[di] == '.':
                dot_idx = di
                break
            di += 1
        if dot_idx < seg_len:
            # Trim trailing spaces of the module-name segment
            mod_len: sizet = dot_idx
@@ -840,17 +830,17 @@ novirtual class TypeGenResolve(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
                    lib_ty: mlirlite.LLVMType* = self.resolve_annotation_type(pool, lib_node, imported_modules, from_imports, trans, 1)
                    self.Gen.TypeGenCType.CTypedefResolveDepth -= 1
                    if lib_ty is not None: return lib_ty
-        # Bare Python/C builtin aliases: map_t_type only knows the t.CXxx spelling, so
+        # Bare Python/C builtin aliases: map_t_type only knows the t.CXxx spelling, so
-        # resolve them here to match resolve_annotation_type's bare-name branch. Without
+        # resolve them here to match resolve_annotation_type's bare-name branch. Without
-        # this the two-arg form int(x, t.CPtr) misses _tc_h4 and fails fast as "int".
+        # this the two-arg form int(x, t.CPtr) misses _tc_h4 and fails fast as "int".
-        if string.strcmp(name, "str") == 0: return mlirlite.Ptr(pool, mlirlite.Int8(pool))
+        if string.strcmp(name, "str") == 0: return mlirlite.Ptr(pool, mlirlite.Int8(pool))
-        if string.strcmp(name, "bytes") == 0: return mlirlite.Ptr(pool, mlirlite.Int8(pool))
+        if string.strcmp(name, "bytes") == 0: return mlirlite.Ptr(pool, mlirlite.Int8(pool))
-        if string.strcmp(name, "int") == 0: return mlirlite.Int32(pool)
+        if string.strcmp(name, "int") == 0: return mlirlite.Int32(pool)
-        if string.strcmp(name, "char") == 0: return mlirlite.Int8(pool)
+        if string.strcmp(name, "char") == 0: return mlirlite.Int8(pool)
-        if string.strcmp(name, "bool") == 0: return mlirlite.Int1(pool)
+        if string.strcmp(name, "bool") == 0: return mlirlite.Int1(pool)
-        if string.strcmp(name, "float") == 0: return mlirlite.Float(pool)
+        if string.strcmp(name, "float") == 0: return mlirlite.Float(pool)
-        if string.strcmp(name, "double") == 0: return mlirlite.Double(pool)
+        if string.strcmp(name, "double") == 0: return mlirlite.Double(pool)
-        if string.strcmp(name, "void") == 0: return mlirlite.Void(pool)
+        if string.strcmp(name, "void") == 0: return mlirlite.Void(pool)
        return self.map_t_type(pool, name)
    def get_type_size_bytes(self, pool: memhub.MemBuddy*, name: str, imported_modules: str, from_imports: str) -> int:
        """Return the type size in bytes via resolve_typedef_or_map, or 0 on failure."""
@@ -990,10 +980,8 @@ novirtual class TypeGenResolve(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
            out_buf[ci] = buf[line_start + name_s + ci]
            ci += 1
        out_buf[name_l] = '\0'
-        ci = 0
+        for ci in range(vlen):
        while ci < vlen:
            out_buf[name_l + 1 + ci] = buf[line_start + vs + ci]
            ci += 1
        out_buf[name_l + 1 + vlen] = '\0'
        return 1
    def _lookup_builtins_typedef(self, pool: memhub.MemBuddy*, name: str) -> str:
@@ -2384,10 +2372,8 @@ novirtual class TypeGenResolve(TypeGenBase.TypeGenBase):
                            cur_lvl = nxt_lvl
                        # Result = wrap the other side's type in N layers of Ptr
                        res_ty: mlirlite.LLVMType* = cptr_other_ty
-                        li2: int = 0
+                        for li2 in range(cptr_level):
                        while li2 < cptr_level:
                            res_ty = mlirlite.Ptr(pool, res_ty)
                            li2 += 1
                        return res_ty
                # No CPtr marker: return the first non-attribute-marker side. Attribute markers
@@ -185,8 +185,7 @@ def _spec_index_find(arena: TypeSpecArena*, key: str, h: uint64) -> int:
    if arena.Index is None or arena.IndexCap <= 0: return -1
    mask: sizet = sizet(arena.IndexCap - 1)
    idx: sizet = sizet(h) & mask
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(arena.IndexCap):
    while i < arena.IndexCap:
        slot: sizet* = (sizet*)(uint64(arena.Index) + uint64(idx * 8))
        sv: sizet = slot[0]
        if sv == 0: return -1
@@ -194,7 +193,6 @@ def _spec_index_find(arena: TypeSpecArena*, key: str, h: uint64) -> int:
        ek: str = _spec_key_at(arena.Keys, ei)
        if ek is not None and string.strcmp(ek, key) == 0: return ei
        idx = (idx + 1) & mask
        i += 1
    return -1
@@ -205,14 +203,12 @@ def _spec_index_insert(arena: TypeSpecArena*, key: str, h: uint64, ei: int) -> i
    if arena.Index is None or arena.IndexCap <= 0: return 1
    mask: sizet = sizet(arena.IndexCap - 1)
    idx: sizet = sizet(h) & mask
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(arena.IndexCap):
    while i < arena.IndexCap:
        slot: sizet* = (sizet*)(uint64(arena.Index) + uint64(idx * 8))
        if slot[0] == 0:
            slot[0] = sizet(ei + 1)
            return 0
        idx = (idx + 1) & mask
        i += 1
    return 1
@@ -426,8 +422,7 @@ def _spec_to_text(sp: TypeSpec*, buf: str, buf_size: sizet, depth: int) -> int:
        pos: sizet = 0
        pos = _spec_text_append(buf, buf_size, pos, "fn(")
        if pos >= buf_size: return 1
-        i: int = 0
+        for i in range(sp.ParamCount):
        while i < sp.ParamCount:
            if i > 0:
                pos = _spec_text_append(buf, buf_size, pos, ",")
                if pos >= buf_size: return 1
@@ -438,7 +433,6 @@ def _spec_to_text(sp: TypeSpec*, buf: str, buf_size: sizet, depth: int) -> int:
            if _spec_to_text(param, param_buf, SPEC_TEXT_MAX, depth + 1) != 0: return 1
            pos = _spec_text_append(buf, buf_size, pos, param_buf)
            if pos >= buf_size: return 1
            i += 1
        if sp.IsVarArg == 1:
            if sp.ParamCount > 0: pos = _spec_text_append(buf, buf_size, pos, ",...")
            else: pos = _spec_text_append(buf, buf_size, pos, "...")
@@ -461,14 +455,12 @@ def _spec_text_append(buf: str, buf_size: sizet, pos: sizet, text: str) -> sizet
    """Append text at pos in buf; buf_size sentinel when full, else the new position"""
    if buf is None or text is None: return buf_size
    tlen: sizet = string.strlen(text)
-    i: sizet = 0
+    for i in range(tlen):
    while i < tlen:
        if pos + 1 >= buf_size:
            buf[pos] = '\0'
            return buf_size
        buf[pos] = text[i]
        pos += 1
        i += 1
    buf[pos] = '\0'
    return pos
@@ -626,14 +618,12 @@ def InternSpec(arena: TypeSpecArena*, sp: TypeSpec*) -> TypeSpec*:
        return (TypeSpec*)(uint64(slot_e[0]))
    if arena.Index is None:
        # index unavailable: fall back to the linear scan
-        i: int = 0
+        for i in range(arena.Count):
        while i < arena.Count:
            exist_key: str = _spec_key_at(arena.Keys, i)
            if exist_key is not None and string.strcmp(exist_key, key_buf) == 0:
                slot_e2: sizet* = (sizet*)(uint64(arena.Specs) + uint64(i * 8))
                if slot_e2 is None: return None
                return (TypeSpec*)(uint64(slot_e2[0]))
            i += 1
    # Miss: append. Table full = fail-fast (never return None, which would silently
    # lose type info up the call chain and corrupt signedness -> zext/sext direction).
    if arena.Count >= arena.Cap:
@@ -881,14 +871,12 @@ def _spec_llvm_text(sp: TypeSpec*, buf: str, buf_size: sizet, depth: int) -> int
    if sp.Kind == TS_FUNC:
        if _spec_llvm_text(sp.Ret, buf, buf_size, depth + 1) != 0: return 1
        if _spec_llvm_append(buf, buf_size, " (") != 0: return 1
-        i: int = 0
+        for i in range(sp.ParamCount):
        while i < sp.ParamCount:
            if i > 0:
                if _spec_llvm_append(buf, buf_size, ", ") != 0: return 1
            ps: TypeSpec* = _spec_param_at(sp, i)
            if ps is None: return 1
            if _spec_llvm_text(ps, buf, buf_size, depth + 1) != 0: return 1
            i += 1
        # vararg suffix (unique to this Spec convention, see above)
        if sp.IsVarArg == 1:
            if sp.ParamCount > 0:
@@ -1377,11 +1377,9 @@ def _repl_sig_to_text(tag: int, bits: int, pc: int) -> str:
    """Render ReplSigResult + ReplSigTags/Bits as "(P1, P2) -> R" (PermPool buffer)."""
    if ReplSigText is None: return "(?)"
    pos: int = _repl_cat_str(ReplSigText, _REPL_SIG_TEXT_CAP, 0, "(")
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(pc):
    while i < pc:
        if i > 0: pos = _repl_cat_str(ReplSigText, _REPL_SIG_TEXT_CAP, pos, ", ")
        pos = _repl_cat_str(ReplSigText, _REPL_SIG_TEXT_CAP, pos, _repl_tag_text(int(ReplSigTags[i]), int(ReplSigBits[i])))
        i += 1
    pos = _repl_cat_str(ReplSigText, _REPL_SIG_TEXT_CAP, pos, ") -> ")
    pos = _repl_cat_str(ReplSigText, _REPL_SIG_TEXT_CAP, pos, _repl_tag_text(tag, bits))
    if pos < 0: return "(?)"
@@ -1428,12 +1426,10 @@ def _repl_precheck_session_funcs(mod: mlirlite.LLVMModule*) -> int:
        sig_same: int = 1
        if old.RetTag != ReplSigResult.RetTag or old.RetBits != ReplSigResult.RetBits or old.ParamCount != ReplSigResult.ParamCount: sig_same = 0
        if sig_same != 0:
-            pi: int = 0
+            for pi in range(old.ParamCount):
            while pi < old.ParamCount:
                if int(old.ParamTags[pi]) != int(ReplSigTags[pi]) or int(old.ParamBits[pi]) != int(ReplSigBits[pi]):
                    sig_same = 0
                    break
                pi += 1
        if sig_same == 0:
            stdio.printf("M3: 会话函数 '%s' 重定义签名不一致（旧 %s，新 %s）\n" "  M3 允许同签名覆盖（只换地址）；换签名会让先前片段里已编好的" "调用点按旧 ABI 调新代码 —— 该片段整体不执行，请换名字\n", nm, _repl_entry_sig_text(old), _repl_sig_to_text(ReplSigResult.RetTag, ReplSigResult.RetBits, ReplSigResult.ParamCount))
            return 1
@@ -1447,11 +1443,9 @@ def _repl_precheck_session_funcs(mod: mlirlite.LLVMModule*) -> int:
 def _repl_entry_sig_text(e: rawptr[GenTypes.ReplFuncEntry]) -> str:
    if e is None or ReplSigText2 is None: return "(?)"
    pos: int = _repl_cat_str(ReplSigText2, _REPL_SIG_TEXT_CAP, 0, "(")
-    i: int = 0
+    for i in range(e.ParamCount):
    while i < e.ParamCount:
        if i > 0: pos = _repl_cat_str(ReplSigText2, _REPL_SIG_TEXT_CAP, pos, ", ")
        pos = _repl_cat_str(ReplSigText2, _REPL_SIG_TEXT_CAP, pos, _repl_tag_text(int(e.ParamTags[i]), int(e.ParamBits[i])))
        i += 1
    pos = _repl_cat_str(ReplSigText2, _REPL_SIG_TEXT_CAP, pos, ") -> ")
    pos = _repl_cat_str(ReplSigText2, _REPL_SIG_TEXT_CAP, pos, _repl_tag_text(e.RetTag, e.RetBits))
    if pos < 0: return "(?)"
@@ -131,11 +131,9 @@ def _BaseNameOf(path: str) -> str:
    if path is None: return None
    n: sizet = string.strlen(path)
    start: sizet = 0
-    i: sizet = 0
+    for i in range(n):
    while i < n:
        ch: char = path[i]
        if ch == '/' or ch == '\\': start = i + 1
        i += 1
    return _DupStd(path + start)
@@ -168,12 +166,10 @@ def _FindInList(names: list[str]*, name: str) -> int:
    """Linear-search names for name; return its index, or -1 if not found."""
    if names is None or name is None: return -1
    n: sizet = names.__len__()
-    i: sizet = 0
+    for i in range(n):
    while i < n:
        s: str = names.get(i)
        if s is not None:
            if string.strcmp(s, name) == 0: return int(i)
        i += 1
    return -1
@@ -203,8 +199,7 @@ def _SplitInto(out: list[str]*, joined: str) -> int:
    n: sizet = string.strlen(joined)
    if n == 0: return 1
    start: sizet = 0
-    i: sizet = 0
+    for i in range(n + 1):
    while i <= n:
        if i == n or joined[i] == char(VB_SEP_CODE):
            seg: str = stdlib.malloc(i - start + 1)
            if seg is None: return 0
@@ -213,7 +208,6 @@ def _SplitInto(out: list[str]*, joined: str) -> int:
            out.append(_DupScratch(seg))
            stdlib.free(seg)
            start = i + 1
        i += 1
    return 1
@@ -233,8 +227,7 @@ def _JoinSep(lst: list[str]*) -> str:
    buf: str = _scratch.alloc(total + 1)
    if buf is None: return None
    pos: sizet = 0
-    i = 0
+    for i in range(n):
    while i < n:
        s = lst.get(i)
        if s is not None:
            sl: sizet = string.strlen(s)
@@ -243,7 +236,6 @@ def _JoinSep(lst: list[str]*) -> str:
                pos += 1
            string.strcpy(buf + pos, s)
            pos += sl
        i += 1
    buf[pos] = '\0'
    return buf
@@ -263,8 +255,7 @@ def _JoinSpace(lst: list[str]*) -> str:
    buf: str = stdlib.malloc(total + 1)
    if buf is None: return None
    pos: sizet = 0
-    i = 0
+    for i in range(n):
    while i < n:
        s = lst.get(i)
        if s is not None:
            sl: sizet = string.strlen(s)
@@ -273,7 +264,6 @@ def _JoinSpace(lst: list[str]*) -> str:
                pos += 1
            string.strcpy(buf + pos, s)
            pos += sl
        i += 1
    buf[pos] = '\0'
    return buf
@@ -284,12 +274,10 @@ def _FirstSpaceTok(joined: str) -> str:
    n: sizet = string.strlen(joined)
    if n == 0: return None
    sp: sizet = n
-    i: sizet = 0
+    for i in range(n):
    while i < n:
        if joined[i] == ' ':
            sp = i
            break
        i += 1
    seg: str = stdlib.malloc(sp + 1)
    if seg is None: return None
    string.strncpy(seg, joined, sp)
@@ -349,8 +337,7 @@ def _EvalList(node: ast.AST*, out: list[str]*) -> int:
        lst: ast.List* = ast.List*(node)
        if lst is None or lst.elts is None: return 0
        n: sizet = lst.elts.__len__()
-        i: sizet = 0
+        for i in range(n):
        while i < n:
            e: ast.AST* = lst.elts.get(i)
            if e is None: return 0
            if e.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Starred:
@@ -360,7 +347,6 @@ def _EvalList(node: ast.AST*, out: list[str]*) -> int:
            else:
                if _EvalStr(e) == 0: return 0
                out.append(_DupScratch(_g_out_str))
            i += 1
        return 1
    if k == ast.ASTKind.BinOp:
        bop: ast.BinOp* = ast.BinOp*(node)
@@ -423,8 +409,7 @@ def _HandleImport(stmt: ast.Import*) -> int:
    global _alias, _saw_viperbuild
    if stmt is None or stmt.names is None: return 0
    n: sizet = stmt.names.__len__()
-    i: sizet = 0
+    for i in range(n):
    while i < n:
        al: ast.Alias* = ast.Alias*(stmt.names.get(i))
        if al is not None and al.name is not None:
            if string.strcmp(al.name, "viperbuild") == 0:
@@ -432,7 +417,6 @@ def _HandleImport(stmt: ast.Import*) -> int:
                if al.asname is not None: _alias = _DupScratch(al.asname)
                else: _alias = _DupScratch("viperbuild")
            else: _AddPending(al.name)
        i += 1
    return 0
@@ -450,14 +434,12 @@ def _HandleImportFrom(stmt: ast.ImportFrom*) -> int:
    _saw_viperbuild = 1
    if stmt.names is None: return 0
    n: sizet = stmt.names.__len__()
-    i: sizet = 0
+    for i in range(n):
    while i < n:
        al: ast.Alias* = ast.Alias*(stmt.names.get(i))
        if al is not None and al.name is not None:
            if string.strcmp(al.name, "Project") == 0:
                if al.asname is not None: _ctor_name = _DupScratch(al.asname)
                else: _ctor_name = _DupScratch("Project")
        i += 1
    return 0
@@ -505,8 +487,7 @@ def _ApplyCtorArgs(cl: ast.Call*) -> int:
            _c_version = _DupStd(_g_out_str)
    if cl.keywords is None: return 0
    n: sizet = cl.keywords.__len__()
-    i: sizet = 0
+    for i in range(n):
    while i < n:
        kw: ast.Keyword* = ast.Keyword*(cl.keywords.get(i))
        if kw is not None and kw.arg is not None and kw.value is not None:
            if string.strcmp(kw.arg, "name") == 0:
@@ -522,7 +503,6 @@ def _ApplyCtorArgs(cl: ast.Call*) -> int:
            else:
                VLogger.error(f"viperbuild: Project(...) 不支持的关键字 {kw.arg}", "viperbuild")
                return 1
        i += 1
    return 0
@@ -660,12 +640,10 @@ def _HandleConfigCall(cl: ast.Call*) -> int:
    """Handle a proj.config(kw=...) call."""
    if cl is None or cl.keywords is None: return 0
    n: sizet = cl.keywords.__len__()
-    i: sizet = 0
+    for i in range(n):
    while i < n:
        kw: ast.Keyword* = ast.Keyword*(cl.keywords.get(i))
        if kw is not None and kw.arg is not None and kw.value is not None:
            if _SetField(kw.arg, kw.value) != 0: return 1
        i += 1
    return 0
@@ -679,8 +657,7 @@ def _HandleBuildCall(cl: ast.Call*) -> int:
    _c_has_build = 1
    if cl.keywords is None: return 0
    n: sizet = cl.keywords.__len__()
-    i: sizet = 0
+    for i in range(n):
    while i < n:
        kw: ast.Keyword* = ast.Keyword*(cl.keywords.get(i))
        if kw is not None and kw.arg is not None and kw.value is not None:
            if string.strcmp(kw.arg, "triple") == 0:
@@ -702,7 +679,6 @@ def _HandleBuildCall(cl: ast.Call*) -> int:
            else:
                VLogger.error(f"viperbuild: build(...) 不支持的关键字 {kw.arg}", "viperbuild")
                return 1
        i += 1
    return 0
@@ -711,18 +687,14 @@ def _CallArgsHaveProjRef(cl: ast.Call*) -> int:
    if cl is None: return 0
    if cl.args is not None:
        n: sizet = cl.args.__len__()
-        i: sizet = 0
+        for i in range(n):
        while i < n:
            if _IsProjRef(cl.args.get(i)) != 0: return 1
            i += 1
    if cl.keywords is not None:
        n = cl.keywords.__len__()
-        i = 0
+        for i in range(n):
        while i < n:
            kw: ast.Keyword* = ast.Keyword*(cl.keywords.get(i))
            if kw is not None and kw.value is not None:
                if _IsProjRef(kw.value) != 0: return 1
            i += 1
    return 0
@@ -803,8 +775,7 @@ def _ScanFile(pool: memhub.MemBuddy*, path: str) -> int:
    rc: int = 0
    if body is not None:
        cn: sizet = len(body)
-        ci: sizet = 0
+        for ci in range(cn):
        while ci < cn:
            child: ast.AST* = body.get(ci)
            if child is not None:
                kd: int = child.kind()
@@ -814,7 +785,6 @@ def _ScanFile(pool: memhub.MemBuddy*, path: str) -> int:
                elif kd == ast.ASTKind.AnnAssign: rc = _HandleAnnAssign(ast.AnnAssign*(child))
                elif kd == ast.ASTKind.Expr: rc = _HandleExprStmt(ast.Expr*(child))
                if rc != 0: break
            ci += 1
    pool.reset_to(mark)
    stdlib.free(src_buf)
@@ -883,13 +853,11 @@ def _RunBfs(pool: memhub.MemBuddy*, entry_path: str) -> int:
        if rc == 1: return 1
        # Resolve module names collected from this file
        pn: sizet = _pending.__len__()
-        pi: sizet = 0
+        for pi in range(pn):
        while pi < pn:
            mod: str = _pending.get(pi)
            if mod is not None:
                dep: str = _ResolveModuleToFile(mod)
                if dep is not None: _Enqueue(dep)
            pi += 1
    return 0
@@ -939,10 +907,8 @@ def _ProbeIncludes() -> str:
    k: int = 0
    while k <= 3:
        base: str = _DupStd(exe_dir)
-        j: int = 0
+        for j in range(k):
        while j < k:
            base = _Join2(base, "..")
            j += 1
        cand: str = _Join2(base, "includes")
        if _IsDir(cand) != 0: return cand
        k += 1
@@ -955,12 +921,10 @@ def _DeriveOutputFromEntry(entry_path: str) -> str:
    if base is None: return "app.exe"
    n: sizet = string.strlen(base)
    cut: sizet = n
-    i: sizet = 0
+    for i in range(n):
    while i < n:
        if base[i] == '.':
            cut = i
            break
        i += 1
    head: str = stdlib.malloc(cut + 5)
    if head is None: return "app.exe"
    string.strncpy(head, base, cut)
@@ -1047,12 +1011,10 @@ def _SplitToolCmd(joined: str, which: int) -> None:
    if joined is None: return
    n: sizet = string.strlen(joined)
    sp: sizet = n
-    i: sizet = 0
+    for i in range(n):
    while i < n:
        if joined[i] == ' ':
            sp = i
            break
        i += 1
    cmd: str = stdlib.malloc(sp + 1)
    if cmd is not None:
        string.strncpy(cmd, joined, sp)