diff --git a/App/lib/StubGen/VpiReader.vp b/App/lib/StubGen/VpiReader.vp
index 18d6ff0..b0b1510 100644
--- a/App/lib/StubGen/VpiReader.vp
+++ b/App/lib/StubGen/VpiReader.vp
@@ -152,8 +152,25 @@ def ParseVpiIntoModule(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
     ast._lexer_init(lx, vpi_buf, pool)
     tokens: ast.Token | t.CPtr = ast.tokenize(lx)
     tree: ast.AST | t.CPtr = ast.parse_tokens(pool, tokens)
-    stdlib.free(vpi_buf)
+    # vpi_buf 延迟释放：AST 字符串字段可能引用 vpi_buf 内部（token 零拷贝），
+    # 提前 free 会导致 Name.id/Attribute.attr 等悬空 → 后续解析返回错误类型。
+    # 在 ParseVpiIntoModule 末尾统一释放。
+    # [DBG-T96] 临时诊断：定位 vpi AST 有效性（定位后移除）
+    k96: int = -1
+    if tree is not None:
+        k96 = tree.kind()
+    stdio.printf("[DBG-T96] vpi tree kind=%d children=", k96)
+    if tree is not None and tree.children is not None:
+        n96: t.CSizeT = tree.children.__len__()
+        stdio.printf("%d\n", n96)
+        if n96 > 0:
+            c96: ast.AST | t.CPtr = tree.children.get(0)
+            if c96 is not None:
+                stdio.printf("[DBG-T96] child0 kind=%d\n", c96.kind())
+    else:
+        stdio.printf("0\n")
     if tree is None:
+        stdlib.free(vpi_buf)
         return 0
 
     # 提取源模块 SHA1（用于函数名混淆，在 AST 解析成功后提取避免提前返回时泄漏）
@@ -234,6 +251,8 @@ def ParseVpiIntoModule(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
     # 释放 SHA1 缓冲区（_extract_sha1_from_path 用 stdlib.malloc 分配）
     if src_sha1 is not None:
         stdlib.free(src_sha1)
+    # vpi_buf 延迟到全部 tree 处理完成后释放（见解析处注释）
+    stdlib.free(vpi_buf)
     return 1
 
 
@@ -420,6 +439,26 @@ def _inject_method_declare(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
     if ret_ty is None:
         ret_ty = i32_ty
 
+    # [DBG-T97] 临时诊断：定位 args.get_str 类型退化（定位后移除）
+    if string.strcmp(m_fd.name, "parse_args") == 0:
+        vis97: int = HandlesStruct.is_struct_visible("ParsedArgs")
+        gst97: t.CChar | t.CPtr = stdlib.malloc(128)
+        if gst97 is not None:
+            gty97: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = HandlesStruct.get_struct_type("ParsedArgs")
+            if gty97 is not None:
+                llvmlite.TypePrint(gst97, 128, gty97, pool)
+            else:
+                viperlib.snprintf(gst97, 128, "NULL")
+            ot97: t.CChar | t.CPtr = stdlib.malloc(128)
+            if ot97 is not None:
+                if ret_ty is not None:
+                    llvmlite.TypePrint(ot97, 128, ret_ty, pool)
+                else:
+                    viperlib.snprintf(ot97, 128, "NULL")
+                stdio.printf("[DBG-T97] vis=%d gst=%s ret=%s\n", vis97, gst97, ot97)
+                stdlib.free(ot97)
+            stdlib.free(gst97)
+
     # 创建 declare
     func: llvmlite.Function | t.CPtr = llvmlite.create_declare(
         pool, mod, mangled_name, ret_ty)
diff --git a/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesType.vp b/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesType.vp
index c5c1697..5039dd8 100644
--- a/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesType.vp
+++ b/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesType.vp
@@ -1550,12 +1550,56 @@ def resolve_annotation_type(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
                 if left_is_cptr != 0:
                     other_node = bop.right
                 # 检测另一边是否是 t.CVoid (void* = i8*)
-                other_is_cvoid: int = _is_cvoid_marker(other_node, imported_modules)
+                # 严格验证完整形式（Attribute(t.CVoid) 的 value 是 Name("t")，
+                # 或裸名 CVoid 且 t 已导入），防止解析异常节点被误判为 CVoid。
+                other_is_cvoid: int = 0
+                if other_node is not None:
+                    if other_node.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Attribute:
+                        oat2: ast.Attribute | t.CPtr = (ast.Attribute | t.CPtr)(other_node)
+                        if oat2.attr is not None and string.strcmp(oat2.attr, "CVoid") == 0:
+                            if oat2.value is not None and oat2.value.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Name:
+                                ov2: ast.Name | t.CPtr = (ast.Name | t.CPtr)(oat2.value)
+                                if ov2.id is not None and string.strcmp(ov2.id, "t") == 0:
+                                    other_is_cvoid = 1
+                    elif other_node.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Name:
+                        onm2: ast.Name | t.CPtr = (ast.Name | t.CPtr)(other_node)
+                        if onm2.id is not None and string.strcmp(onm2.id, "CVoid") == 0:
+                            if HandlesImports.is_module_imported(imported_modules, "t") != 0:
+                                other_is_cvoid = 1
                 if other_is_cvoid != 0:
                     return llvmlite.Ptr(pool, llvmlite.Int8(pool))
                 other_ty: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = resolve_annotation_type(
                     pool, other_node, imported_modules, from_imports, trans)
+                # other_ty 必须是已注册的结构体类型才算有效：
+                # X | t.CPtr 的 X 是类名，解析结果应为 struct 类型。
+                # 若节点异常导致解析出基础类型/垃圾（如 Int8 → Ptr(i8)），
+                # 不应直接返回，需走下方回退按类名查全局表。
+                # （str | t.CPtr 解析为 Ptr(i8) 非 struct，回退 get_struct_type
+                #   查不到 str → 仍返回 Ptr(i8)，结果一致，不受影响。）
+                if other_ty is not None:
+                    if HandlesStruct.find_struct_by_type(other_ty) is not None:
+                        return llvmlite.Ptr(pool, other_ty)
+                    other_ty = None
                 if other_ty is None:
+                    # 严格模式（App 文件）下裸类名不可见时，回退到全局
+                    # struct 注册表按类名查找。X | t.CPtr 是明确的指针包装
+                    # 注解（如 vpi stub 的 "ParsedArgs | t.CPtr"），X 已注册
+                    # 时不应静默退化为 i8*——i8* 会让方法返回值的无注解变量
+                    # （如 args = parser.parse_args()）类型退化，后续 obj.method
+                    # get_class_name_by_type 查不到类名，误报
+                    # "跨模块调用 'args.get_str' 找不到模块 SHA1"。
+                    # 不检查 kind()：vpi 解析的节点在后续处理中可能已损坏
+                    # （kind() 读取异常），直接按 Name 布局读取 id，
+                    # 由 get_struct_type 兜底校验（无效类名返回 None）。
+                    other_cls_nm: str = None
+                    if other_node is not None:
+                        other_nm: ast.Name | t.CPtr = (ast.Name | t.CPtr)(other_node)
+                        if other_nm.id is not None:
+                            other_cls_nm = other_nm.id
+                    if other_cls_nm is not None:
+                        other_cls_ty: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = HandlesStruct.get_struct_type(other_cls_nm)
+                        if other_cls_ty is not None:
+                            return llvmlite.Ptr(pool, other_cls_ty)
                     # CPtr 单独使用或其他无效类型 → i8*
                     return llvmlite.Ptr(pool, llvmlite.Int8(pool))
                 return llvmlite.Ptr(pool, other_ty)