diff --git a/App/lib/core/Gen/Call/CallGenCall.vp b/App/lib/core/Gen/Call/CallGenCall.vp
index 56d7b10..a67f0da 100644
--- a/App/lib/core/Gen/Call/CallGenCall.vp
+++ b/App/lib/core/Gen/Call/CallGenCall.vp
@@ -526,6 +526,20 @@ novirtual class CallGenCall(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
                 if uint64(self_ptr.Ty) != uint64(cmop_i8_ptr_ty): cmop_bar_ptr = mlirlite.build_bitcast(builder, self_ptr, cmop_i8_ptr_ty)
                 if cmop_bar_ptr is not None: mlirlite.build_load(builder, cmop_i8_ty, cmop_bar_ptr, 1)
         return call_res_cmop
+    def _MarkWillFreeArgName(self, trans: HT.Translator*, arg_node: ast.AST*) -> int:
+        """P2 willFree：把实参变量槽标为"已失效"；只处理简单变量名（1=标记过 / 0=未处理）。
+
+        与模块级调用同一口径（VarEntry.Freed）：该槽其后被读 / 取地址 / 再传时，由
+        ExprGenName.translate_name_value 或 ExprGenOps 的 AddrOf 分支报 LifetimeError。"""
+        if trans is None or arg_node is None: return 0
+        if arg_node.kind() != ast.ASTKind.Name: return 0
+        nm: ast.Name* = ast.Name*(arg_node)
+        if nm.id is None: return 0
+        ent: GenTypes.VarEntry* = self.Gen.VarGen.lookup_var_entry(trans.SymTab, nm.id)
+        if ent is None: return 0
+        ent.Freed = 1
+        return 1
+
     # _translate_method_call - translate obj.method(args) into a call with the
     # object pointer (obj_ptr, an alloca of Ptr(StructTy)) as the self argument.
 
@@ -553,6 +567,16 @@ novirtual class CallGenCall(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
                     if ((esc_mask_mc >> int(ai_mc + 1)) & 1) != 0:
                         GenApi.fail_if_stack_addr_escape(cargs_mc.get(ai_mc), "an argument bound to a method parameter that the callee escapes or returns", trans, dummy_ptr_mc)
 
+        # P2 willFree：方法级标注查询（本文件表 → 跨模块 .vpi 回退）。
+        # 实参链含 self（bit 0），故用户第 ai 个实参对应形参位 (ai+1)；
+        # 标记动作在**实参翻译之后**（见下方 kwargs / 位置实参两条循环）。
+        wf_mask_mc: int = 0
+        if cargs_mc is not None:
+            wf_mask_mc = GenApi.get_param_willfree_method(pool, class_name, method_name)
+            if wf_mask_mc == 0:
+                sha_wf_mc: str = self.Gen.StructGen.get_struct_sha1(class_name)
+                wf_mask_mc = self.Gen.CallGenBase.lookup_willfree_via_vpi(pool, sha_wf_mc, class_name, method_name)
+
         # list generic container method: dispatch to _translate_list_builtin_call inline
         # when the method is a list builtin; use the receiver's actual struct name.
         lb_src: str = class_name
@@ -1048,6 +1072,9 @@ novirtual class CallGenCall(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
                     mlirlite.value_set_next(tail, arg_val_k)
                     tail = arg_val_k
                     arg_count_eff += 1
+                    # P2 willFree：该形参位带标注且实参是变量名 → 标记失效（实参已翻译完）
+                    if wf_mask_mc != 0 and arg_node_k is not None and ((wf_mask_mc >> (pi_k + 1)) & 1) != 0:
+                        self._MarkWillFreeArgName(trans, arg_node_k)
                 pi_k += 1
                 cur_param_k = mlirlite.param_get_next(cur_param_k)
         else:
@@ -1100,6 +1127,9 @@ novirtual class CallGenCall(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
                 mlirlite.value_set_next(tail, arg_val)
                 tail = arg_val
                 arg_count_eff += 1
+                # P2 willFree：该形参位带标注且实参是变量名 → 标记失效（实参已翻译完）
+                if wf_mask_mc != 0 and ((wf_mask_mc >> int(ai + 1)) & 1) != 0:
+                    self._MarkWillFreeArgName(trans, arg_node)
 
         total_count: int = 1 + arg_count_eff
 
diff --git a/App/lib/core/Gen/Call/CallGenMixin.vp b/App/lib/core/Gen/Call/CallGenMixin.vp
index 366cf83..e73093e 100644
--- a/App/lib/core/Gen/Call/CallGenMixin.vp
+++ b/App/lib/core/Gen/Call/CallGenMixin.vp
@@ -61,6 +61,36 @@ novirtual class CallGenMixin(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
 
 
     # translate_call - translate Call(func, args) (module-level version).
+    def _MarkWillFreeKwargs(self, trans: HT.Translator*, wf_mask: int, cargs: list[ast.AST*]*, can: sizet, keywords: list[ast.AST*]*, kw_count: sizet, found_func: mlirlite.Function*) -> int:
+        """P2 willFree：关键字（或"位置+关键字"混合）实参路径的失效标记。
+
+        形参序必须与 _translate_call_with_kwargs 的遍历一致：位置实参占前 can 个形参，
+        其余按关键字名匹配到形参位。调用方必须在本函数**之后**——那时实参才翻译完。"""
+        if trans is None or found_func is None or wf_mask == 0: return 0
+        param_idx: sizet = 0
+        cur_param: mlirlite.Param* = mlirlite.function_get_param_head(found_func)
+        while cur_param is not None:
+            arg_node_kw: ast.AST* = None
+            if param_idx < can:
+                if cargs is not None: arg_node_kw = cargs.get(param_idx)
+            else:
+                pname_kw: str = mlirlite.param_get_name(cur_param)
+                if pname_kw is not None and keywords is not None:
+                    ki_kw: sizet
+                    for ki_kw in range(kw_count):
+                        kw_node: ast.AST* = keywords.get(ki_kw)
+                        if kw_node is None: continue
+                        kw_el: ast.Keyword* = ast.Keyword*(kw_node)
+                        if kw_el is None or kw_el.arg is None or kw_el.value is None: continue
+                        if self.Gen.CallGenCall._kwarg_name_matches(kw_el.arg, pname_kw) == 1:
+                            arg_node_kw = kw_el.value
+                            break
+            if arg_node_kw is not None and ((wf_mask >> int(param_idx)) & 1) != 0:
+                self.Gen.CallGenCall._MarkWillFreeArgName(trans, arg_node_kw)
+            param_idx += 1
+            cur_param = mlirlite.param_get_next(cur_param)
+        return 0
+
     def translate_call(self, pool: memhub.MemBuddy*, builder: mlirlite.IRBuilder*, mod: mlirlite.LLVMModule*, node: ast.AST*, funcs_ptr: t.CPtr, func_count: int, trans: HT.Translator* = None) -> mlirlite.Value*:
         """Translate a Call node and return the result Value."""
         cl: ast.Call* = ast.Call*(node)
@@ -798,7 +828,11 @@ novirtual class CallGenMixin(CallGenBase.CallGenBase):
 
         # Translate and link arguments; with keyword args and a known definition, match by parameter name.
         if kw_count > 0 and found_func is not None and found_params is not None:
-            return self.Gen.CallGenLib._translate_call_with_kwargs(pool, builder, mod, func_name, found_func, cargs, can, keywords, kw_count, trans)
+            kw_res: mlirlite.Value* = self.Gen.CallGenLib._translate_call_with_kwargs(pool, builder, mod, func_name, found_func, cargs, can, keywords, kw_count, trans)
+            # P2 willFree：关键字实参路径——实参已在上面的调用里翻译完，此刻按形参序标记失效
+            if wf_mask != 0 and trans is not None:
+                self._MarkWillFreeKwargs(trans, wf_mask, cargs, can, keywords, kw_count, found_func)
+            return kw_res
 
         head: mlirlite.Value* = None
         tail: mlirlite.Value* = None
diff --git a/App/lib/core/Gen/Expr/ExprGenOps.vp b/App/lib/core/Gen/Expr/ExprGenOps.vp
index 0e6b8b6..1e20b37 100644
--- a/App/lib/core/Gen/Expr/ExprGenOps.vp
+++ b/App/lib/core/Gen/Expr/ExprGenOps.vp
@@ -584,6 +584,10 @@ novirtual class ExprGenOps(ExprGenBase.ExprGenBase):
             if uo.operand.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Name:
                 nm_ao: ast.Name* = ast.Name*(uo.operand)
                 if nm_ao.id is not None:
+                    # P2 willFree：对已失效变量取地址 → fail-fast（与读取路径同一口径）
+                    ve_ao: GenTypes.VarEntry* = self.Gen.VarGen.lookup_var_entry(trans.SymTab, nm_ao.id)
+                    if ve_ao is not None and ve_ao.Freed != 0:
+                        self.Gen.TypeGenErr.fatal_error(node, f"cannot take the address of '{nm_ao.id}': its value was released by a call annotated with @life(willFree(...)) and is no longer valid", "LifetimeError")
                     # self/cls object reference: return the object pointer itself (Ptr(Struct)), not the pointer variable's address (Ptr(Ptr(Struct))).
                     if string.strcmp(nm_ao.id, "self") == 0 or string.strcmp(nm_ao.id, "cls") == 0:
                         se_ao: GenTypes.VarEntry* = self.Gen.VarGen.lookup_var_entry(trans.SymTab, nm_ao.id)
diff --git a/App/lib/core/Gen/GenApi.vp b/App/lib/core/Gen/GenApi.vp
index 2f124ba..b2e4b6c 100644
--- a/App/lib/core/Gen/GenApi.vp
+++ b/App/lib/core/Gen/GenApi.vp
@@ -418,6 +418,12 @@ def get_param_willfree(name: str) -> int:
     return 0
 
 
+def get_param_willfree_method(pool: memhub.MemBuddy*, class_name: str, method_name: str) -> int:
+    """方法 willFree 掩码：查 "Class.method" 并沿 MRO 回退；无记录返回 0"""
+    if _g_gen is not None: return _g_gen.StructGen.get_param_willfree_method(pool, class_name, method_name)
+    return 0
+
+
 # ---------------- find_struct_by_type (delegates to StructGenMixin.find_struct_by_type) ----------------
 def find_struct_by_type(struct_ty: mlirlite.LLVMType*) -> GenTypes.StructEntry*:
     """Delegate to gen.find_struct_by_type"""
diff --git a/App/lib/core/Gen/StructGenMixin.vp b/App/lib/core/Gen/StructGenMixin.vp
index 32cbd6b..40e127b 100644
--- a/App/lib/core/Gen/StructGenMixin.vp
+++ b/App/lib/core/Gen/StructGenMixin.vp
@@ -435,6 +435,28 @@ novirtual class StructGenMixin:
         if idx < 0: return 0
         return int(self.WfTable[idx * 2 + 1])
 
+    def get_param_willfree_method(self, pool: memhub.MemBuddy*, class_name: str, method_name: str) -> int:
+        """方法 willFree 掩码：查 "Class.method"，再沿 MRO 祖先查；无记录返回 0。
+
+        与 get_param_escapes_method 同口径：刻意**不**回退裸名键——方法名与模块级函数名可能
+        重名，回退会把模块函数的掩码错用到方法调用上（产生误报）。查不到即视为无标注。"""
+        if method_name is None or class_name is None: return 0
+        key_q: str = self._EscKey2(pool, class_name, method_name)
+        if key_q is not None:
+            m_q: int = self.get_param_willfree(key_q)
+            if m_q != 0: return m_q
+        mro: sizet* = self.get_mro_chain(pool, class_name)
+        mi2: int = 1
+        while mro is not None and mro[mi2] != 0:
+            anc_m: str = rawptr(mro[mi2])
+            if anc_m is not None and string.strcmp(anc_m, class_name) != 0:
+                key_a: str = self._EscKey2(pool, anc_m, method_name)
+                if key_a is not None:
+                    m_a: int = self.get_param_willfree(key_a)
+                    if m_a != 0: return m_a
+            mi2 += 1
+        return 0
+
     def _RegisterFuncWillFree(self, fd: ast.FunctionDef*, key: str) -> int:
         """登记函数的 willFree 掩码（无标注也登记 0，避免同名重复计算）；1=失败 / 0=成功"""
         if fd is None or key is None or self.WfTable is None: return 1