Fixed

TransPyV/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesAnnAssign.py

@@ -176,6 +176,77 @@ def _is_ptr_element_annotation(annot: ast.AST | t.CPtr) -> int:
     return 0
 
 
+# ============================================================
+# _init_global_array_from_list — 从列表字面量初始化全局数组
+#
+# 为每个元素生成 GEP + store 指令，将值存入全局数组的对应位置。
+# 适用于模块级 t.CArray[elem_ty, count] = [v0, v1, ...] 的初始化。
+#
+# Args:
+#   builder: IRBuilder
+#   pool: 编译器内存池
+#   mod: LLVMModule
+#   array_alloca: 全局数组变量的 Value 引用（类型为 [N x elem_ty]*）
+#   list_node: ast.List 节点
+#   trans: Translator 对象
+#
+# Returns:
+#   0 成功，1 失败
+# ============================================================
+def _init_global_array_from_list(builder: llvmlite.IRBuilder | t.CPtr,
+                                 pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
+                                 mod: llvmlite.LLVMModule | t.CPtr,
+                                 array_alloca: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr,
+                                 list_node: ast.AST | t.CPtr,
+                                 trans: HT.Translator | t.CPtr) -> int:
+    """从列表字面量初始化全局数组，为每个元素生成 GEP + store"""
+    if builder is None or array_alloca is None or list_node is None:
+        return 1
+
+    # 获取数组类型（Pointee of [N x elem_ty]*）
+    arr_ty: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = None
+    if array_alloca.Ty is not None:
+        arr_ty = array_alloca.Ty.Pointee
+    if arr_ty is None:
+        return 1
+
+    # 匹配数组类型获取元素类型
+    elem_ty: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = None
+    match arr_ty:
+        case llvmlite.LLVMType.Array(et, _):
+            elem_ty = et
+    if elem_ty is None:
+        return 1
+
+    # 获取列表元素
+    lst: ast.List | t.CPtr = (ast.List | t.CPtr)(list_node)
+    if lst is None or lst.elts is None:
+        return 1
+    elts: list[ast.AST | t.CPtr] | t.CPtr = lst.elts
+    elts_count: t.CSizeT = elts.__len__()
+
+    # 为每个元素生成 GEP + store
+    i: t.CSizeT = 0
+    while i < elts_count:
+        elem_node: ast.AST | t.CPtr = elts.get(i)
+        elem_val: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = HandlesExpr.translate_value(
+            builder, pool, mod, elem_node, None, 0, trans)
+        if elem_val is not None:
+            idx_val: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = llvmlite.const_int32(pool, i)
+            elem_ptr: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = llvmlite.build_gep_array(
+                builder, arr_ty, elem_ty, array_alloca, idx_val)
+            if elem_ptr is not None:
+                # 类型转换（如 i32 → i8 截断）
+                store_val: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = elem_val
+                if elem_ptr.Ty is not None and elem_ptr.Ty.Pointee is not None:
+                    store_val = HandlesExpr.coerce_to_type(
+                        builder, elem_val, elem_ptr.Ty.Pointee)
+                llvmlite.build_store(builder, store_val, elem_ptr)
+        i += 1
+
+    return 0
+
+
 @t.NoVTable
 class AnnAssignHandle(HandlesBase.Mixin):
     """AnnAssign 语句处理器：继承 Mixin 获得 Trans 回指针"""
@@ -221,6 +292,11 @@ class AnnAssignHandle(HandlesBase.Mixin):
         if HT.is_nonlocal_name(self.Trans, nm.id) != 0:
             return 0
 
+        # 模块级全局变量已由 handle_module_level_var 注册到模块作用域，
+        # 不需要创建局部 alloca（否则会导致局部变量遮蔽全局变量）
+        if HandlesVar.lookup_module_var(self.Trans.SymTab, nm.id) is not None:
+            return 0
+
         # 检查是否已存在
         existing: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = HandlesVar.lookup_current(
             self.Trans.SymTab, nm.id)
@@ -350,6 +426,29 @@ class AnnAssignHandle(HandlesBase.Mixin):
                         llvmlite.build_store(builder, rhs_coerced, nl_ptr)
             return 0
 
+        # 模块级全局变量（由 handle_module_level_var 注册到模块作用域）
+        # 非函数内 global 声明，但变量已在模块作用域中（如模块级 t.CArray 初始化）
+        mod_glob: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = HandlesVar.lookup_module_var(
+            self.Trans.SymTab, nm.id)
+        if mod_glob is not None:
+            if aa.value is not None:
+                # 列表字面量 → 逐元素 GEP + store 初始化数组
+                if aa.value.kind() == ast.ASTKind.List:
+                    _init_global_array_from_list(
+                        builder, pool, mod, mod_glob, aa.value, self.Trans)
+                else:
+                    rhs_val_mg: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = HandlesExpr.translate_value(
+                        builder, pool, mod, aa.value,
+                        None, 0, self.Trans)
+                    if rhs_val_mg is not None:
+                        target_ty_mg: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = None
+                        if mod_glob.Ty is not None:
+                            target_ty_mg = mod_glob.Ty.Pointee
+                        if target_ty_mg is not None:
+                            rhs_val_mg = HandlesExpr.coerce_to_type(builder, rhs_val_mg, target_ty_mg)
+                        llvmlite.build_store(builder, rhs_val_mg, mod_glob)
+            return 0
+
         # 普通局部变量
         # 创建 alloca
         alloca: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = HandlesVar.get_or_create_sym(

TransPyV/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesAssign.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import lib.core.Handles.HandlesExprCall as HandlesExprCall
 import lib.core.Handles.HandlesNonlocal as HandlesNonlocal
 import lib.core.Handles.HandlesType as HandlesType
 import lib.core.Handles.HandlesStruct as HandlesStruct
+import lib.core.StubMerger as StubMerger
 
 
 # ============================================================
@@ -62,23 +63,70 @@ class AssignHandle(HandlesBase.Mixin):
         rhs_val: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = HandlesExpr.translate_value(
             builder, pool, mod, asgn.value, None, 0, self.Trans)
         if rhs_val is None:
-            # 增强错误信息：包含 sha1 + lineno + AST 节点类型，便于定位
+            # 增强错误信息：包含文件名 + lineno + AST 节点详情，便于定位
             fb: t.CChar | t.CPtr = VLogger.fmt_buf()
             if fb is not None and asgn.value is not None:
                 sha1: str = self.Trans.ModuleSha1
                 val_kind: int = asgn.value.kind()
                 val_line: t.CInt = asgn.value.lineno
+                # 通过 sha1 查找文件名（人类可读）
+                rel_path: str = None
                 if sha1 is not None:
-                    viperlib.snprintf(fb, 1024,
-                        "rhs_val is None [sha1=%s lineno=%d kind=%d]",
-                        sha1, val_line, val_kind)
+                    rel_path = StubMerger.LookupSha1RelPath(sha1)
+                # 根据 AST 节点类型提取详情
+                if val_kind == ast.ASTKind.Attribute:
+                    at_nv: ast.Attribute | t.CPtr = (ast.Attribute | t.CPtr)(asgn.value)
+                    attr_nm: str = at_nv.attr
+                    target_nm: str = "?"
+                    if at_nv.value is not None:
+                        if at_nv.value.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Name:
+                            tn_nm: ast.Name | t.CPtr = (ast.Name | t.CPtr)(at_nv.value)
+                            target_nm = tn_nm.id
+                    if rel_path is not None:
+                        viperlib.snprintf(fb, 1024,
+                            "赋值右侧为 None: %s:%d '%s.%s' 属性访问失败",
+                            rel_path, val_line, target_nm, attr_nm)
+                    else:
+                        viperlib.snprintf(fb, 1024,
+                            "赋值右侧为 None: sha1=%s:%d '%s.%s' 属性访问失败",
+                            sha1, val_line, target_nm, attr_nm)
+                elif val_kind == ast.ASTKind.Name:
+                    nm_nv: ast.Name | t.CPtr = (ast.Name | t.CPtr)(asgn.value)
+                    if rel_path is not None:
+                        viperlib.snprintf(fb, 1024,
+                            "赋值右侧为 None: %s:%d 变量 '%s' 未找到",
+                            rel_path, val_line, nm_nv.id)
+                    else:
+                        viperlib.snprintf(fb, 1024,
+                            "赋值右侧为 None: sha1=%s:%d 变量 '%s' 未找到",
+                            sha1, val_line, nm_nv.id)
+                elif val_kind == ast.ASTKind.Call:
+                    cl_nv: ast.Call | t.CPtr = (ast.Call | t.CPtr)(asgn.value)
+                    func_nm: str = "?"
+                    if cl_nv.func is not None:
+                        if cl_nv.func.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Name:
+                            fn_nm: ast.Name | t.CPtr = (ast.Name | t.CPtr)(cl_nv.func)
+                            func_nm = fn_nm.id
+                    if rel_path is not None:
+                        viperlib.snprintf(fb, 1024,
+                            "赋值右侧为 None: %s:%d 调用 '%s(...)' 返回 None",
+                            rel_path, val_line, func_nm)
+                    else:
+                        viperlib.snprintf(fb, 1024,
+                            "赋值右侧为 None: sha1=%s:%d 调用 '%s(...)' 返回 None",
+                            sha1, val_line, func_nm)
                 else:
-                    viperlib.snprintf(fb, 1024,
-                        "rhs_val is None [lineno=%d kind=%d]",
-                        val_line, val_kind)
+                    if rel_path is not None:
+                        viperlib.snprintf(fb, 1024,
+                            "赋值右侧为 None: %s:%d [kind=%d]",
+                            rel_path, val_line, val_kind)
+                    else:
+                        viperlib.snprintf(fb, 1024,
+                            "赋值右侧为 None: sha1=%s:%d [kind=%d]",
+                            sha1, val_line, val_kind)
                 VLogger.error(fb, "ASGN")
             else:
-                VLogger.error("rhs_val is None", "ASGN")
+                VLogger.error("赋值右侧为 None (asgn.value 为空)", "ASGN")
             return 0
 
         new_vars: int = 0

TransPyV/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesClassDef.py

@@ -1700,15 +1700,14 @@ _generic_class_nodes: list[ast.ClassDef | t.CPtr] | t.CPtr = None
 _generic_class_sha1s: list[str] | t.CPtr = None
 
 
-def _is_generic_class(cd: ast.ClassDef | t.CPtr) -> int:
-    """检查 ClassDef 是否有类型参数（泛型类），返回 1=是 / 0=否"""
-    if cd is None:
-        return 0
-    tp: list[str] | t.CPtr = cd.type_params
+def _is_generic_class(tp: list[str] | t.CPtr) -> int:
+    """检查 ClassDef 是否有类型参数（泛型类），返回 1=是 / 0=否
+
+    接收 type_params 而非 cd，避免 cd.type_params 属性访问
+    因跨模块类型推断失败返回 None。
+    """
     if tp is None:
         return 0
-    if tp.__len__() == 0:
-        return 0
     return 1
 
 
@@ -1721,29 +1720,37 @@ def _register_generic_template(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
         _generic_class_names = list[str](pool, 8)
         _generic_class_nodes = list[ast.ClassDef | t.CPtr](pool, 8)
         _generic_class_sha1s = list[str](pool, 8)
-    # 检查是否已注册
-    cn: t.CSizeT = _generic_class_names.__len__()
+    # 用局部变量接收 global list，触发类型推断（避免 global 变量 __len__ 失败）
+    names_local: list[str] | t.CPtr = _generic_class_names
+    cn: t.CSizeT = names_local.__len__()
     i: t.CSizeT
     for i in range(cn):
-        nm: str = _generic_class_names.get(i)
+        nm: str = names_local.get(i)
         if nm is not None and string.strcmp(nm, cd.name) == 0:
             return
     _generic_class_names.append(cd.name)
     _generic_class_nodes.append(cd)
     _generic_class_sha1s.append(module_sha1)
+    # 诊断日志：确认泛型模板注册
+    fb_rg: t.CChar | t.CPtr = VLogger.fmt_buf()
+    if fb_rg is not None:
+        viperlib.snprintf(fb_rg, 1024, "注册泛型模板: %s (module=%s)", cd.name, module_sha1)
+        VLogger.info(fb_rg, "SPEC")
 
 
 def _find_generic_template(class_name: str) -> ast.ClassDef | t.CPtr:
     """查找泛型类模板，返回 ClassDef 节点或 None"""
     if _generic_class_names is None or class_name is None:
         return None
-    cn: t.CSizeT = _generic_class_names.__len__()
+    # 用局部变量接收 global list，触发类型推断（避免 global 变量 __len__ 失败）
+    names_local: list[str] | t.CPtr = _generic_class_names
+    nodes_local: list[ast.ClassDef | t.CPtr] | t.CPtr = _generic_class_nodes
+    cn: t.CSizeT = names_local.__len__()
     i: t.CSizeT
     for i in range(cn):
-        nm: str = _generic_class_names.get(i)
+        nm: str = names_local.get(i)
         if nm is not None and string.strcmp(nm, class_name) == 0:
-            # 用局部变量接收 list.get() 结果，触发旧编译器 inttoptr 类型转换
-            node: ast.ClassDef | t.CPtr = _generic_class_nodes.get(i)
+            node: ast.ClassDef | t.CPtr = nodes_local.get(i)
             return node
     return None
 
@@ -1752,13 +1759,15 @@ def _find_generic_template_sha1(class_name: str) -> str:
     """查找泛型类模板的来源模块 SHA1，未找到返回 None"""
     if _generic_class_names is None or class_name is None:
         return None
-    cn: t.CSizeT = _generic_class_names.__len__()
+    # 用局部变量接收 global list，触发类型推断
+    names_local: list[str] | t.CPtr = _generic_class_names
+    sha1s_local: list[str] | t.CPtr = _generic_class_sha1s
+    cn: t.CSizeT = names_local.__len__()
     i: t.CSizeT
     for i in range(cn):
-        nm: str = _generic_class_names.get(i)
+        nm: str = names_local.get(i)
         if nm is not None and string.strcmp(nm, class_name) == 0:
-            # 用局部变量接收 list.get() 结果，触发旧编译器 inttoptr 类型转换
-            sha1_val: str = _generic_class_sha1s.get(i)
+            sha1_val: str = sha1s_local.get(i)
             return sha1_val
     return None
 
@@ -2191,7 +2200,9 @@ def translate_class_def(trans: HT.Translator | t.CPtr,
         return _translate_renum_def(trans, cd)
 
     # 泛型类：存储为模板，不发射 IR（等实例化时特化）
-    if _is_generic_class(cd) == 1:
+    # 用局部变量接收 cd.type_params，触发类型推断
+    tp_val: list[str] | t.CPtr = cd.type_params
+    if _is_generic_class(tp_val) == 1:
         _register_generic_template(pool, cd, trans.ModuleSha1)
         return 0
 

TransPyV/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesExpr.py

@@ -420,7 +420,14 @@ def _infer_elem_type_from_value(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
 # 依次尝试 "pool", "_mbuddy", "mbuddy", "mb"
 # ============================================================
 def _find_pool_var(trans: HT.Translator | t.CPtr) -> llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr:
-    """查找上下文中的 pool 变量，返回 alloca 或 None"""
+    """查找上下文中的 pool 变量，返回 alloca 或 None
+
+    查找顺序: pool → _mbuddy → mbuddy → mb
+    兜底: 若都未找到，注册外部全局 @_mbuddy (i8*) 供函数内动态 list 创建使用。
+    注意: 模块级 t.CArray 初始化不走此路径（由 _init_global_array_from_list 处理），
+    此兜底仅用于函数内的动态 list 字面量（如 op=[...]）。
+    @_mbuddy 由入口模块（如 Phase2.py）定义并初始化，其他模块以 external 引用。
+    """
     if trans is None:
         return None
     alloca: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = HandlesVar.lookup_var(trans.SymTab, "pool")
@@ -435,7 +442,32 @@ def _find_pool_var(trans: HT.Translator | t.CPtr) -> llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr:
     alloca = HandlesVar.lookup_var(trans.SymTab, "mb")
     if alloca is not None:
         return alloca
-    return None
+    # 兜底: 创建外部全局 @_mbuddy 引用（i8** 类型）
+    # 仅用于函数内动态 list 字面量，@_mbuddy 由入口模块定义并初始化
+    pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr = trans.Pool
+    if pool is None or trans.Module is None or trans.SymTab is None:
+        return None
+    # 先检查是否已注册到模块作用域（避免重复创建全局变量）
+    existing: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = HandlesVar.lookup_module_var(trans.SymTab, "_mbuddy")
+    if existing is not None:
+        return existing
+    # 创建 i8* 类型（t.CVoid | t.CPtr = i8*）
+    i8_ty_fb: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = llvmlite.Int8(pool)
+    i8_ptr_ty_fb: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = llvmlite.Ptr(pool, i8_ty_fb)
+    # 创建外部全局 @_mbuddy（external linkage，无初始值）
+    gv_ext: llvmlite.GlobalVariable | t.CPtr = llvmlite.new_global_variable(pool, "_mbuddy", i8_ptr_ty_fb)
+    if gv_ext is not None:
+        gv_ext.Linkage = "external"
+        llvmlite.module_add_global(trans.Module, gv_ext)
+    # 创建 Value 引用（@_mbuddy, 类型为 i8**）
+    i8_ptr_ptr_ty_fb: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = llvmlite.Ptr(pool, i8_ptr_ty_fb)
+    ref_name_fb: t.CChar | t.CPtr = pool.alloc(16)
+    if ref_name_fb is not None:
+        string.strcpy(ref_name_fb, "@_mbuddy")
+    gv_ref_fb: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = llvmlite.SSAValue(pool, i8_ptr_ptr_ty_fb, ref_name_fb)
+    # 注册到模块作用域，避免重复创建
+    HandlesVar.define_module_var(trans.SymTab, "_mbuddy", gv_ref_fb)
+    return gv_ref_fb
 
 
 # ============================================================
@@ -1115,29 +1147,73 @@ def _build_source_path_from_sha1(sha1: str) -> str:
 # ============================================================
 def _lookup_cross_module_cdefine(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
                                   name: str,
-                                  from_imports: str) -> int:
-    """跨模块查找 CDefine 常量，返回值或 -1（未找到）"""
-    if name is None or from_imports is None:
-        stdio.printf("[XMCD] FAIL name=%s reason=from_imports_is_none\n", name)
+                                  from_imports: str,
+                                  imported_modules: str = None) -> int:
+    """跨模块查找 CDefine 常量，返回值或 -1（未找到）
+
+    查找顺序:
+      1. from_imports 精确匹配（from X import NAME）
+      2. from_imports star 回退（from X import *）
+      3. imported_modules 遍历（import X）：当通过 import X 导入模块时，
+         模块中定义的 CDefine 常量可通过此路径找到（如方法签名默认参数引用）
+    """
+    if name is None:
         return -1
+    if from_imports is None:
+        from_imports = ""
 
     # 1. 从 from_imports 查找名称对应的模块名
     # 先尝试精确匹配（allow_star_fallback=0），避免 CDefine 常量被 star import 误导
     mod_name_raw: str = HandlesImports.lookup_from_import(from_imports, name, 0)
     if mod_name_raw is None:
         # 精确匹配失败：尝试 star import 回退
-        # CDefine 常量（如 INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE）通过 from w32.win32base import * 导入，
-        # 不会作为精确条目出现在 from_imports 中，而是作为 *:w32.win32base 条目。
         mod_name_raw = HandlesImports.lookup_from_import(from_imports, name, 1)
-        if mod_name_raw is None:
-            stdio.printf("[XMCD] FAIL name=%s reason=lookup_from_import_returned_none\n", name)
+
+    # 2. from_imports 查找失败：直接回退到 imported_modules 遍历（步骤 9.6）
+    # 注意：star fallback 可能返回错误模块（如 stdint），常量实际不在其中，
+    # 步骤 9.6 会在该模块查找失败后继续遍历 imported_modules
+    if mod_name_raw is None:
+        # from_imports 完全没有匹配（精确和 star 都失败）
+        # 直接进入 imported_modules 遍历（步骤 9.6）
+        if imported_modules is None:
             return -1
-        stdio.printf("[XMCD] star_fallback name=%s mod=%s\n", name, mod_name_raw)
-        # 打印 from_imports 用于诊断精确匹配失败原因
-        fi_len: t.CSizeT = string.strlen(from_imports)
-        stdio.printf("[XMCD] from_imports (len=%d): %s\n", fi_len, from_imports)
-    else:
-        stdio.printf("[XMCD] exact_match name=%s mod=%s\n", name, mod_name_raw)
+        # 跳过 from_imports 模块读取，直接走步骤 9.6 的 imported_modules 遍历
+        # 设置 result_found=0 跳过步骤 3-9，直接到 9.6
+        HandlesType.set_cdefine_found(0)
+        # 直接遍历 imported_modules
+        im_len: t.CSizeT = string.strlen(imported_modules)
+        im_ci: t.CSizeT = 0
+        while im_ci < im_len:
+            while im_ci < im_len and imported_modules[im_ci] == ' ':
+                im_ci += 1
+            if im_ci >= im_len:
+                break
+            im_start: t.CSizeT = im_ci
+            while im_ci < im_len and imported_modules[im_ci] != ' ':
+                im_ci += 1
+            im_end: t.CSizeT = im_ci
+            im_nlen: t.CSizeT = im_end - im_start
+            if im_nlen > 0 and im_nlen < 256:
+                im_buf: str = pool.alloc(im_nlen + 1)
+                if im_buf is not None:
+                    mk: t.CSizeT = 0
+                    while mk < im_nlen:
+                        im_buf[mk] = imported_modules[im_start + mk]
+                        mk += 1
+                    im_buf[im_nlen] = '\0'
+                    sub_fi: str = pool.alloc(im_nlen + 3)
+                    if sub_fi is not None:
+                        sub_fi[0] = '*'
+                        sub_fi[1] = ':'
+                        mk2: t.CSizeT = 0
+                        while mk2 < im_nlen:
+                            sub_fi[2 + mk2] = im_buf[mk2]
+                            mk2 += 1
+                        sub_fi[2 + im_nlen] = '\0'
+                        sub_val: int = _lookup_cross_module_cdefine(pool, name, sub_fi, None)
+                        if HandlesType.is_cdefine_found() != 0:
+                            return sub_val
+        return -1
 
     # 2. 复制模块名到新缓冲区（lookup_from_import 返回的是内部指针）
     # 截断于空格、null、或 ':'（别名格式的分隔符）
@@ -1161,7 +1237,6 @@ def _lookup_cross_module_cdefine(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
     if sha1 is None:
         sha1 = HandlesExprCall._lookup_module_sha1_suffix(base_mod)
     if sha1 is None:
-        stdio.printf("[XMCD] FAIL name=%s base_mod=%s reason=sha1_not_found\n", name, base_mod)
         return -1
 
     # 5. 获取 temp_dir
@@ -1529,6 +1604,45 @@ def _lookup_cross_module_cdefine(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
 
     stdlib.free(pyi_buf)
 
+    # 9.6 from_imports star fallback 模块中未找到：回退到 imported_modules 遍历
+    # 当 `from stdint import *` 导致 star fallback 返回 stdint，但目标常量
+    # （如 SHARE_READ）实际在 `import w32.fileio` 导入的模块中时，
+    # 需要遍历 imported_modules 逐个查找
+    if result_found == 0 and imported_modules is not None:
+        im2_len: t.CSizeT = string.strlen(imported_modules)
+        im2_ci: t.CSizeT = 0
+        while im2_ci < im2_len and result_found == 0:
+            while im2_ci < im2_len and imported_modules[im2_ci] == ' ':
+                im2_ci += 1
+            if im2_ci >= im2_len:
+                break
+            im2_start: t.CSizeT = im2_ci
+            while im2_ci < im2_len and imported_modules[im2_ci] != ' ':
+                im2_ci += 1
+            im2_end: t.CSizeT = im2_ci
+            im2_nlen: t.CSizeT = im2_end - im2_start
+            if im2_nlen > 0 and im2_nlen < 256:
+                im2_buf: str = pool.alloc(im2_nlen + 1)
+                if im2_buf is not None:
+                    mk3: t.CSizeT = 0
+                    while mk3 < im2_nlen:
+                        im2_buf[mk3] = imported_modules[im2_start + mk3]
+                        mk3 += 1
+                    im2_buf[im2_nlen] = '\0'
+                    sub_fi2: str = pool.alloc(im2_nlen + 3)
+                    if sub_fi2 is not None:
+                        sub_fi2[0] = '*'
+                        sub_fi2[1] = ':'
+                        mk4: t.CSizeT = 0
+                        while mk4 < im2_nlen:
+                            sub_fi2[2 + mk4] = im2_buf[mk4]
+                            mk4 += 1
+                        sub_fi2[2 + im2_nlen] = '\0'
+                        sub_val2: int = _lookup_cross_module_cdefine(pool, name, sub_fi2, None)
+                        if HandlesType.is_cdefine_found() != 0:
+                            result_val = sub_val2
+                            result_found = 1
+
     # 10. 缓存到当前模块的 CDefine 表中
     if result_found != 0:
         HandlesType.register_cdefine_constant(pool, name, result_val)
@@ -1592,8 +1706,9 @@ def translate_name_value(builder: llvmlite.IRBuilder | t.CPtr,
     # 仅对符合 CDefine 命名约定（ALL_CAPS）的名字触发跨模块查找，
     # 避免对普通变量名（mb/name/ptr/pool/self 等）误触发，造成严重性能损耗
     if _is_cdefine_name_pattern(nm_id) != 0:
-        if trans is not None and trans._from_imports is not None:
-            cdef_val = _lookup_cross_module_cdefine(pool, nm_id, trans._from_imports)
+        if trans is not None:
+            cdef_val = _lookup_cross_module_cdefine(
+                pool, nm_id, trans._from_imports, trans._imported_modules)
             if HandlesType.is_cdefine_found() != 0:
                 return llvmlite.const_int32(pool, cdef_val)
 
@@ -2121,6 +2236,92 @@ def make_global_ref(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
 #   ty_hint: 类型提示 (写路径用 rhs 类型, 读路径用 i8* 回退)
 # 返回: Value 指针 (类型为 ty*)，未识别为模块属性返回 None
 # ============================================================
+def _is_t_type_object_name(name: str) -> int:
+    """检查 name 是否是 t.py 中的类型对象名（CPtr/CInt/CDouble 等）
+
+    这些类型对象在运行时作为全局变量 @CPtr/@CInt 等被引用，
+    但 t.py 不被编译，需要在使用处生成带 null 初值的定义。
+    """
+    if name is None:
+        return 0
+    # t.py 中的类型对象名（PascalCase，首字母大写）
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CPtr") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CInt") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CChar") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CShort") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CLong") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CLongLong") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CDouble") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CFloat") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CBool") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CVoid") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CInt8T") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CInt16T") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CInt32T") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CInt64T") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CUInt8T") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CUInt16T") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CUInt32T") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CUInt64T") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CUnsigned") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CUnsignedInt") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CUnsignedChar") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CUnsignedShort") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CUnsignedLong") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CUnsignedLongLong") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CSizeT") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CIntPtrT") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CUIntPtrT") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CPtrDiffT") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CType") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CDefine") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CStatic") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CExport") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CArray") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CTypedef") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CNoVTable") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CNeedPtr") == 0:
+        return 1
+    if string.strcmp(name, "CAutoPtr") == 0:
+        return 1
+    return 0
+
+
 def _resolve_module_attribute_global(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
                                      mod: llvmlite.LLVMModule | t.CPtr,
                                      trans: HT.Translator | t.CPtr,
@@ -2150,10 +2351,33 @@ def _resolve_module_attribute_global(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
         use_ty = llvmlite.Int8(pool)
     # 确保 use_ty 中的跨模块结构体类型有 opaque 声明
     llvmlite.module_ensure_opaque_for_type(mod, pool, use_ty)
+    # 特殊处理: t.py 中的类型对象（CPtr/CInt/CDouble 等）
+    # t.py 不被编译，但这些类型对象在运行时被引用（如 va_arg(ap, t.CPtr)）。
+    # 创建带 null 初值的 linkonce_odr 全局变量定义，避免链接时 undefined reference。
+    # LLVM 22+ 不允许 external linkage 全局变量带初值，使用 linkonce_odr 替代。
+    is_t_type_obj: int = 0
+    if string.strcmp(mod_nm.id, "t") == 0:
+        is_t_type_obj = _is_t_type_object_name(at.attr)
     ext_gv: llvmlite.GlobalVariable | t.CPtr = llvmlite.new_global_variable(pool, at.attr, use_ty)
     if ext_gv is not None:
-        ext_gv.Linkage = "external"
-        ext_gv.Initializer = None
+        if is_t_type_obj != 0:
+            # t.CPtr 等类型对象: 创建带 null 初值的定义（linkonce_odr）
+            ext_gv.Linkage = "linkonce_odr"
+            # i8* null 的初值文本
+            null_init: bytes = pool.alloc(8)
+            if null_init is not None:
+                null_init[0] = 'n'
+                null_init[1] = 'u'
+                null_init[2] = 'l'
+                null_init[3] = 'l'
+                null_init[4] = '\0'
+                ext_gv.Initializer = null_init
+            else:
+                ext_gv.Initializer = None
+        else:
+            # 普通模块属性: external 声明（由其他模块提供定义）
+            ext_gv.Linkage = "external"
+            ext_gv.Initializer = None
         llvmlite.module_add_global(mod, ext_gv)
     return make_global_ref(pool, at.attr, use_ty)
 
@@ -2302,6 +2526,24 @@ def translate_attribute(builder: llvmlite.IRBuilder | t.CPtr,
                                     is_submod = 1
                 if is_submod != 0:
                     return None  # 是子模块，交给嵌套属性访问路径
+                # 特殊处理: t.ASM_DESCR 不是 CDefine，是内联汇编约束命名空间
+                # t.ASM_DESCR.XXX 由 HandlesExprCall 的 _asm_resolve_constraint 处理
+                # 此处返回 None，让上层嵌套属性访问路径处理
+                if string.strcmp(nm_ma.id, "t") == 0 and string.strcmp(at.attr, "ASM_DESCR") == 0:
+                    return None
+                # CDefine 未找到且属性名符合 ALL_CAPS 约定: 报 FATAL 错误
+                # 不再创建未定义的外部全局变量引用（否则 llc 报 "use of undefined value"）
+                if _is_cdefine_name_pattern(at.attr) != 0:
+                    err_buf_sma: str = pool.alloc(256)
+                    if err_buf_sma is not None:
+                        cur_sha1_sma: str = "(unknown)"
+                        if trans is not None and trans.ModuleSha1 is not None:
+                            cur_sha1_sma = trans.ModuleSha1
+                        viperlib.snprintf(err_buf_sma, 256,
+                            "[CD] FATAL: Module attr '%s.%s' NOT found (CDefine cross-module lookup failed) in module sha1=%s\n",
+                            nm_ma.id, at.attr, cur_sha1_sma)
+                        VLogger.error(err_buf_sma, "CD")
+                    return None
                 # 非 CDefine: 使用 i8* 作为类型提示 (模块级变量通常存储指针)
                 i8_ptr_hint: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = llvmlite.Ptr(pool, llvmlite.Int8(pool))
                 mod_gv_ref: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = _resolve_module_attribute_global(
@@ -2347,14 +2589,21 @@ def translate_attribute(builder: llvmlite.IRBuilder | t.CPtr,
                                     cdef_val_nested = _lookup_cross_module_cdefine(pool, at.attr, tmp_fi)
                             if HandlesType.is_cdefine_found() != 0:
                                 return llvmlite.const_int32(pool, cdef_val_nested)
-                            # CDefine 未找到: 创建前向引用 (CDefine 通常是 i32)
-                            i32_ty_fwd: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = llvmlite.Int32(pool)
-                            gv_ref_fwd: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = make_global_ref(
-                                pool, at.attr, i32_ty_fwd)
-                            if gv_ref_fwd is not None and gv_ref_fwd.Ty is not None:
-                                load_ty_fwd: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = gv_ref_fwd.Ty.Pointee
-                                if load_ty_fwd is not None:
-                                    return llvmlite.build_load(builder, load_ty_fwd, gv_ref_fwd)
+                            # CDefine 未找到: 报 FATAL 错误（不再创建未定义的全局变量引用）
+                            # 之前此处创建 @INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE 等前向引用，但全局未定义，
+                            # 导致 llc 报 "use of undefined value" 错误。
+                            # 正确做法是报错终止，让开发者修复跨模块 CDefine 查找失败的根本原因。
+                            if _is_cdefine_name_pattern(at.attr) != 0:
+                                err_buf_ma: str = pool.alloc(256)
+                                if err_buf_ma is not None:
+                                    cur_sha1_ma: str = "(unknown)"
+                                    if trans is not None and trans.ModuleSha1 is not None:
+                                        cur_sha1_ma = trans.ModuleSha1
+                                    viperlib.snprintf(err_buf_ma, 256,
+                                        "[CD] FATAL: Nested attr '%s.%s' NOT found (CDefine cross-module lookup failed) in module sha1=%s\n",
+                                        qual_buf, at.attr, cur_sha1_ma)
+                                    VLogger.error(err_buf_ma, "CD")
+                            return None
 
     # 对于 Name 类型的 obj，直接查找 alloca（不 load 结构体）
     obj_ptr: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = None
@@ -2401,7 +2650,7 @@ def translate_attribute(builder: llvmlite.IRBuilder | t.CPtr,
                                     builder, struct_ty, alias_fe.Ty, obj_ptr, alias_idx)
                                 if alias_ptr is not None:
                                     return llvmlite.build_load(builder, alias_fe.Ty, alias_ptr)
-            # 回退: 类型指针比较失败时，通过 AnnotClassName 按类名查找
+            # 按需过滤: struct_ty 为 i8（简化联合类型）时，通过 AnnotClassName 按类名查找
             # 传递 SHA1 以区分跨模块同名类
             if field_info is None:
                 if at.value.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Name and trans is not None:
@@ -2413,7 +2662,7 @@ def translate_attribute(builder: llvmlite.IRBuilder | t.CPtr,
                             cur_sha1: str = trans.ModuleSha1
                             field_info = HandlesStruct.lookup_field_by_class(
                                 var_entry.AnnotClassName, at.attr, cur_sha1)
-                            # 回退 1 成功：bitcast obj_ptr 到 AnnotClassName 对应的结构体类型
+                            # 按需过滤成功：bitcast obj_ptr 到 AnnotClassName 对应的结构体类型
                             # 原始 struct_ty 可能是 i8（X|t.CPtr 简化为 Ptr(i8)），
                             # 需用实际结构体类型做 GEP，否则 GEP i8 失败
                             if field_info is not None:
@@ -2427,33 +2676,11 @@ def translate_attribute(builder: llvmlite.IRBuilder | t.CPtr,
                                     if casted_ptr is not None:
                                         obj_ptr = casted_ptr
                                         struct_ty = annot_se.Ty
-                                        # 回退 1 更新 struct_ty 后，需重新确保
+                                        # 按需过滤更新 struct_ty 后，需重新确保
                                         # 注解类型结构体定义在当前模块可用
                                         # （原始 struct_ty 可能是 i8，ensure 无效）
                                         HandlesStruct.ensure_struct_def_in_module(
                                             pool, mod, annot_se.Ty)
-                            # 回退 2: 子类搜索 — 注解类型是基类但实际值是派生类
-                            # 如 node: AST | t.CPtr = If(...)，访问 node.orelse
-                            if field_info is None:
-                                sub_entry: HandlesStruct.StructEntry | t.CPtr = \
-                                    HandlesStruct.find_subclass_with_field(
-                                        var_entry.AnnotClassName, at.attr)
-                                if sub_entry is not None and sub_entry.Ty is not None:
-                                    sub_field: HandlesStruct.FieldEntry | t.CPtr = \
-                                        HandlesStruct.lookup_field(sub_entry.Ty, at.attr)
-                                    if sub_field is not None:
-                                        sub_ptr_ty: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = \
-                                            llvmlite.Ptr(pool, sub_entry.Ty)
-                                        casted_ptr: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = \
-                                            llvmlite.build_bitcast(builder, obj_ptr, sub_ptr_ty)
-                                        if casted_ptr is not None:
-                                            sub_field_ptr: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = \
-                                                llvmlite.build_gep_struct(
-                                                    builder, sub_entry.Ty, sub_field.Ty,
-                                                    casted_ptr, sub_field.Index)
-                                            if sub_field_ptr is not None:
-                                                return llvmlite.build_load(
-                                                    builder, sub_field.Ty, sub_field_ptr)
             if field_info is not None:
                 field_ty: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = field_info.Ty
                 # 联合体：bitcast obj_ptr 到 field_ty* 后 load
@@ -2483,6 +2710,28 @@ def translate_attribute(builder: llvmlite.IRBuilder | t.CPtr,
                             annot_ptr_ty: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = llvmlite.Ptr(pool, annot_struct.Ty)
                             return llvmlite.build_bitcast(builder, loaded_val, annot_ptr_ty)
                     return loaded_val
+            # fast-fail: 字段未找到，打印诊断信息
+            if trans is not None:
+                diag_annot: str = None
+                diag_var_nm: str = None
+                if at.value is not None and at.value.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Name:
+                    dnm: ast.Name | t.CPtr = (ast.Name | t.CPtr)(at.value)
+                    diag_var_nm = dnm.id
+                    if dnm.id is not None:
+                        dve: HandlesVar.VarEntry | t.CPtr = HandlesVar.lookup_var_entry(
+                            trans.SymTab, dnm.id)
+                        if dve is not None:
+                            diag_annot = dve.AnnotClassName
+                fb_attr: t.CChar | t.CPtr = VLogger.fmt_buf()
+                if fb_attr is not None:
+                    viperlib.snprintf(fb_attr, 1024,
+                        "属性访问失败: .%s (var=%s annot=%s sha1=%s:%d)",
+                        at.attr,
+                        diag_var_nm if diag_var_nm is not None else "?",
+                        diag_annot if diag_annot is not None else "None",
+                        trans.ModuleSha1 if trans.ModuleSha1 is not None else "?",
+                        at.lineno if at.lineno is not None else 0)
+                    VLogger.error(fb_attr, "ATTR")
             return None
         case _:
             return None
@@ -2620,6 +2869,15 @@ def get_attribute_ptr(builder: llvmlite.IRBuilder | t.CPtr,
     if obj_ptr is None and at.value.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Name and trans is not None:
         nm_wma: ast.Name | t.CPtr = (ast.Name | t.CPtr)(at.value)
         if nm_wma.id is not None:
+            # CDefine 常量不可写: 报 FATAL 错误，不创建未定义全局
+            if _is_cdefine_name_pattern(at.attr) != 0:
+                err_buf_wma: str = pool.alloc(256)
+                if err_buf_wma is not None:
+                    viperlib.snprintf(err_buf_wma, 256,
+                        "[CD] FATAL: Cannot assign to CDefine constant '%s.%s'\n",
+                        nm_wma.id, at.attr)
+                    VLogger.error(err_buf_wma, "CD")
+                return None
             # 使用 i8* 作为类型提示 (模块级变量通常存储指针)
             i8_ptr_w: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = llvmlite.Ptr(pool, llvmlite.Int8(pool))
             wma_ref: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = _resolve_module_attribute_global(
@@ -2645,7 +2903,7 @@ def get_attribute_ptr(builder: llvmlite.IRBuilder | t.CPtr,
             HandlesStruct.ensure_struct_def_in_module(pool, mod, struct_ty)
             field_info: HandlesStruct.FieldEntry | t.CPtr = HandlesStruct.lookup_field(
                 struct_ty, at.attr)
-            # 回退 1: 类型指针比较失败时，通过 AnnotClassName 按类名查找
+            # 按需过滤: struct_ty 为 i8（简化联合类型）时，通过 AnnotClassName 按类名查找
             # 传递 SHA1 以区分跨模块同名类
             if field_info is None:
                 if at.value.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Name and trans is not None:
@@ -2659,7 +2917,7 @@ def get_attribute_ptr(builder: llvmlite.IRBuilder | t.CPtr,
                                 cur_sha1 = trans.ModuleSha1
                             field_info = HandlesStruct.lookup_field_by_class(
                                 var_entry.AnnotClassName, at.attr, cur_sha1)
-                            # 回退 1 成功：bitcast obj_ptr 到 AnnotClassName 对应的结构体类型
+                            # 按需过滤成功：bitcast obj_ptr 到 AnnotClassName 对应的结构体类型
                             # 原始 struct_ty 可能是 i8（X|t.CPtr 简化为 Ptr(i8)），
                             # 需用实际结构体类型做 GEP，否则 GEP i8 失败
                             if field_info is not None:
@@ -2673,32 +2931,10 @@ def get_attribute_ptr(builder: llvmlite.IRBuilder | t.CPtr,
                                     if casted_ptr is not None:
                                         obj_ptr = casted_ptr
                                         struct_ty = annot_se.Ty
-                                        # 回退 1 更新 struct_ty 后，需重新确保
+                                        # 按需过滤更新 struct_ty 后，需重新确保
                                         # 注解类型结构体定义在当前模块可用
                                         HandlesStruct.ensure_struct_def_in_module(
                                             pool, mod, annot_se.Ty)
-                            # 回退 2: 子类搜索 — 注解类型是基类但实际值是派生类
-                            # 如 node: AST | t.CPtr = If(...)，访问 node.orelse
-                            # orelse 在 If 上不在 AST 上，需搜索 AST 的子类
-                            if field_info is None:
-                                sub_entry: HandlesStruct.StructEntry | t.CPtr = \
-                                    HandlesStruct.find_subclass_with_field(
-                                        var_entry.AnnotClassName, at.attr)
-                                if sub_entry is not None and sub_entry.Ty is not None:
-                                    sub_field: HandlesStruct.FieldEntry | t.CPtr = \
-                                        HandlesStruct.lookup_field(sub_entry.Ty, at.attr)
-                                    if sub_field is not None:
-                                        sub_ptr_ty: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = \
-                                            llvmlite.Ptr(pool, sub_entry.Ty)
-                                        casted_ptr: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = \
-                                            llvmlite.build_bitcast(builder, obj_ptr, sub_ptr_ty)
-                                        if casted_ptr is not None:
-                                            # 确保子类结构体定义在当前模块可用
-                                            HandlesStruct.ensure_struct_def_in_module(
-                                                pool, mod, sub_entry.Ty)
-                                            return llvmlite.build_gep_struct(
-                                                builder, sub_entry.Ty, sub_field.Ty,
-                                                casted_ptr, sub_field.Index)
             if field_info is not None:
                 # 联合体：bitcast obj_ptr 到 field_ty*（字段指针用于 store）
                 if HandlesStruct.is_union_by_type(struct_ty) == 1:
@@ -2707,6 +2943,28 @@ def get_attribute_ptr(builder: llvmlite.IRBuilder | t.CPtr,
                 # 普通结构体：GEP 获取字段指针
                 return llvmlite.build_gep_struct(
                     builder, struct_ty, field_info.Ty, obj_ptr, field_info.Index)
+            # fast-fail: 字段未找到，打印诊断信息
+            if trans is not None:
+                diag_annot_g: str = None
+                diag_var_nm_g: str = None
+                if at.value is not None and at.value.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Name:
+                    dnm_g: ast.Name | t.CPtr = (ast.Name | t.CPtr)(at.value)
+                    diag_var_nm_g = dnm_g.id
+                    if dnm_g.id is not None:
+                        dve_g: HandlesVar.VarEntry | t.CPtr = HandlesVar.lookup_var_entry(
+                            trans.SymTab, dnm_g.id)
+                        if dve_g is not None:
+                            diag_annot_g = dve_g.AnnotClassName
+                fb_attr_g: t.CChar | t.CPtr = VLogger.fmt_buf()
+                if fb_attr_g is not None:
+                    viperlib.snprintf(fb_attr_g, 1024,
+                        "属性写入失败: .%s (var=%s annot=%s sha1=%s:%d)",
+                        at.attr,
+                        diag_var_nm_g if diag_var_nm_g is not None else "?",
+                        diag_annot_g if diag_annot_g is not None else "None",
+                        trans.ModuleSha1 if trans.ModuleSha1 is not None else "?",
+                        at.lineno if at.lineno is not None else 0)
+                    VLogger.error(fb_attr_g, "ATTR")
             return None
         case _:
             return None

TransPyV/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesExprCall.py

@@ -3763,6 +3763,28 @@ def translate_call(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
     if cargs is not None:
         can = cargs.__len__()
 
+    # 内置强转函数: str(x)/bytes(x) → i8*, int(x) → i32
+    # 等价于 (t.CChar | t.CPtr)(x) / (t.CInt32T)(x)
+    # 单参数：str(val) → bitcast val to i8*
+    #         int(val) → trunc/sext val to i32
+    if func_name is not None and can == 1:
+        if string.strcmp(func_name, "str") == 0 or string.strcmp(func_name, "bytes") == 0:
+            # str(x) / bytes(x) → i8* (bitcast)
+            cast_arg: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = HandlesExpr.translate_value(
+                builder, pool, mod, cargs.get(0), funcs_ptr, func_count, trans)
+            if cast_arg is not None:
+                i8_ptr_ty_builtin: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = llvmlite.Ptr(pool, llvmlite.Int8(pool))
+                return _translate_t_type_cast(pool, builder, cast_arg, i8_ptr_ty_builtin)
+            return None
+        elif string.strcmp(func_name, "int") == 0:
+            # int(x) → i32
+            cast_arg_int: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = HandlesExpr.translate_value(
+                builder, pool, mod, cargs.get(0), funcs_ptr, func_count, trans)
+            if cast_arg_int is not None:
+                i32_ty_builtin: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = llvmlite.Int32(pool)
+                return _translate_t_type_cast(pool, builder, cast_arg_int, i32_ty_builtin)
+            return None
+
     # 检测 t.XXX 类型转换: t.CUInt64T(ptr), t.CPtr(val), t.CInt(val) 等
     # 当 func 是 t.XXX 形式且 XXX 是已知类型名时，当作类型转换处理（而非函数调用）
     # 支持:
@@ -3907,11 +3929,6 @@ def translate_call(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
                     # 模块属性前向引用回退为 i32)，GEP base 会是 i32 而非指针，
                     # 导致 llc 报错 "base of getelementptr must be a pointer"
                     if HandlesExpr.is_ptr_type(obj_val.Ty) == 0:
-                        # 诊断: 输出节点类型信息帮助定位根本原因
-                        len_node_kind: int = len_at.value.kind()
-                        stdio.printf(
-                            "[LEN-DIAG] __len__ on non-ptr (kind=%d), fallback to 0\n",
-                            len_node_kind)
                         return llvmlite.const_int64(pool, 0)
                     i64_ty_len: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = llvmlite.Int64(pool)
                     # 注意: 必须用 const_int64 而非 ConstInt(...,"0")

TransPyV/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesFor.py

@@ -143,12 +143,26 @@ class ForHandle(HandlesBase.Mixin):
                     trans.SymTab, var_name, var_alloca) == 0:
                 new_vars = 1
 
-        # 5. 存储初始值 (类型对齐: start_val 可能是 i64，需截断到 i32)
+        # 获取循环变量的实际元素类型（alloca 是指针类型，需解引用 Pointee）
+        # 当循环变量已声明为 i64（如 t.CSizeT），使用 i64 而非硬编码 i32
+        # 避免 load i32, i64* / store i32, i64* 类型不匹配
+        loop_var_ty: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = i32_ty
+        if var_alloca is not None and var_alloca.Ty is not None:
+            match var_alloca.Ty:
+                case llvmlite.LLVMType.Ptr(pointee_ty):
+                    if pointee_ty is not None:
+                        loop_var_ty = pointee_ty
+        loop_var_bits: int = HandlesExpr.get_llvm_type_bits(loop_var_ty)
+
+        # 5. 存储初始值 (类型对齐: start_val 可能是 i32/i64，需对齐到 loop_var_ty)
         init_val: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = start_val
         if start_val is not None and start_val.Ty is not None:
             start_bits: int = HandlesExpr.get_llvm_type_bits(start_val.Ty)
-            if start_bits != 0 and start_bits != 32:
-                init_val = llvmlite.build_trunc(builder, start_val, i32_ty)
+            if start_bits != 0 and start_bits != loop_var_bits:
+                if start_bits < loop_var_bits:
+                    init_val = llvmlite.build_sext(builder, start_val, loop_var_ty)
+                else:
+                    init_val = llvmlite.build_trunc(builder, start_val, loop_var_ty)
         llvmlite.build_store(builder, init_val, var_alloca)
 
         # 6. 创建基本块: cond / body / incr / end（使用 trans._label_counter，不与 SSA 名共享）
@@ -173,7 +187,7 @@ class ForHandle(HandlesBase.Mixin):
 
         # 8. cond 块: load i, icmp slt i, stop, cond_br body/end
         llvmlite.position_at_end(builder, cond_bb)
-        cur_i: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = llvmlite.build_load(builder, i32_ty, var_alloca)
+        cur_i: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = llvmlite.build_load(builder, loop_var_ty, var_alloca)
         # 类型对齐: stop_val 可能是 i64 (如 range(strlen(s)))，需将 cur_i 提升到 stop_val 类型
         cmp_lhs: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = cur_i
         cmp_rhs: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = stop_val
@@ -184,7 +198,7 @@ class ForHandle(HandlesBase.Mixin):
                 if cur_bits < stop_bits:
                     cmp_lhs = llvmlite.build_sext(builder, cur_i, stop_val.Ty)
                 else:
-                    cmp_rhs = llvmlite.build_trunc(builder, stop_val, i32_ty)
+                    cmp_rhs = llvmlite.build_trunc(builder, stop_val, loop_var_ty)
         cond_i1: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = llvmlite.build_icmp(
             builder, llvmlite.ICMP_SLT, cmp_lhs, cmp_rhs)
         llvmlite.build_cond_br(builder, cond_i1, body_bb, end_bb)
@@ -215,17 +229,17 @@ class ForHandle(HandlesBase.Mixin):
 
         # 10. incr 块: i = i + step, 跳回 cond
         llvmlite.position_at_end(builder, incr_bb)
-        cur_i2: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = llvmlite.build_load(builder, i32_ty, var_alloca)
-        # 类型对齐: step_val 可能是 i64，需截断到 i32 与 cur_i2 类型一致
+        cur_i2: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = llvmlite.build_load(builder, loop_var_ty, var_alloca)
+        # 类型对齐: step_val 可能是 i32/i64，需对齐到 loop_var_ty 与 cur_i2 类型一致
         incr_step: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = step_val
         if step_val is not None and step_val.Ty is not None:
             step_bits: int = HandlesExpr.get_llvm_type_bits(step_val.Ty)
             cur2_bits: int = HandlesExpr.get_llvm_type_bits(cur_i2.Ty)
             if step_bits != 0 and cur2_bits != 0 and step_bits != cur2_bits:
                 if step_bits > cur2_bits:
-                    incr_step = llvmlite.build_trunc(builder, step_val, i32_ty)
+                    incr_step = llvmlite.build_trunc(builder, step_val, loop_var_ty)
                 else:
-                    incr_step = llvmlite.build_sext(builder, step_val, i32_ty)
+                    incr_step = llvmlite.build_sext(builder, step_val, loop_var_ty)
         next_i: llvmlite.Value | t.CPtr = llvmlite.build_add(builder, cur_i2, incr_step)
         llvmlite.build_store(builder, next_i, var_alloca)
         llvmlite.build_br(builder, cond_bb)

TransPyV/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesImports.py

@@ -559,21 +559,6 @@ class ImportsHandle(HandlesBase.Mixin):
         resolved: str = _resolve_relative_module(
             self.Trans.Pool, self.Trans.CurrentPackage,
             impf.level, impf.module)
-        # [IFD] 诊断 from-import 名称处理
-        mod_dbg: str = "(null)"
-        if impf.module is not None:
-            mod_dbg = impf.module
-        pkg_dbg: str = "(null)"
-        if self.Trans.CurrentPackage is not None:
-            pkg_dbg = self.Trans.CurrentPackage
-        res_dbg: str = "(null)"
-        if resolved is not None:
-            res_dbg = resolved
-        names_dbg: t.CSizeT = 0
-        if impf.names is not None:
-            names_dbg = impf.names.__len__()
-        stdio.printf("[IFD] level=%d module=%s pkg=%s resolved=%s names=%d\n",
-                     impf.level, mod_dbg, pkg_dbg, res_dbg, names_dbg)
         if resolved is not None:
             names: list[ast.AST | t.CPtr] | t.CPtr = impf.names
             if names is not None:

TransPyV/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesMain.py

@@ -129,11 +129,136 @@ def translate_children(trans: HT.Translator | t.CPtr,
     return added_total
 
 
+# ============================================================
+# _build_array_initializer_text - 从 AST List 生成 LLVM IR 数组初始化器
+#
+# 生成格式: [N x elem_ty] [elem_ty val0, elem_ty val1, ...]
+# 用于模块级 t.CArray 列表字面量初始化（不依赖 builder，直接生成常量初始化器）
+# ============================================================
+def _build_array_initializer_text(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
+                                  var_ty: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr,
+                                  list_node: ast.List | t.CPtr) -> str:
+    """从 AST List 节点生成 LLVM IR 数组初始化器文本，None 失败"""
+    if var_ty is None or list_node is None:
+        return None
+
+    # 重新进行类型转换，确保 TPV 编译器正确识别 ast.List 类型
+    # （避免 init_list_node 初始值为 None 时类型推断退化为 t.CPtr）
+    ln: ast.List | t.CPtr = (ast.List | t.CPtr)(list_node)
+    if ln is None:
+        return None
+
+    # 从 var_ty 提取数组元素类型和数量
+    elem_ty: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = None
+    arr_count: t.CInt = 0
+    match var_ty:
+        case llvmlite.LLVMType.Array(et, cnt):
+            elem_ty = et
+            arr_count = cnt
+
+    if elem_ty is None or arr_count <= 0:
+        return None
+
+    # 确定元素类型的 IR 表示
+    elem_ir_ty: str = "i8"
+    match elem_ty:
+        case llvmlite.LLVMType.Int(bits):
+            if bits == 8:
+                elem_ir_ty = "i8"
+            elif bits == 16:
+                elem_ir_ty = "i16"
+            elif bits == 32:
+                elem_ir_ty = "i32"
+            elif bits == 64:
+                elem_ir_ty = "i64"
+
+    # 获取列表元素（通过 ln.elts 而非 list_node.elts，确保类型正确识别）
+    elts: list[ast.AST | t.CPtr] | t.CPtr = ln.elts
+    if elts is None:
+        return None
+    elts_count: t.CSizeT = elts.__len__()
+
+    # 计算缓冲区大小: 每个元素最多 "i32 -9223372036854775808, " 约 26 字符
+    buf_size: t.CSizeT = 64 + elts_count * 32
+    buf: t.CChar | t.CPtr = pool.alloc(buf_size)
+    if buf is None:
+        return None
+
+    # 写入前缀: "["（类型前缀由 _print_global 输出，初始化器只需元素列表）
+    written: t.CInt = viperlib.snprintf(buf, buf_size, "[")
+    pos: t.CSizeT = t.CSizeT(written)
+
+    # 逐个元素写入
+    i: t.CSizeT = 0
+    while i < elts_count:
+        elem_node: ast.AST | t.CPtr = elts.get(i)
+        # 直接从 Constant 节点提取 int_val（避免 extract_cdefine_int_value 的 t.CInt 截断）
+        elem_val: t.CInt64T = 0
+        if elem_node is not None:
+            ek: int = elem_node.kind()
+            if ek == ast.ASTKind.Constant:
+                ec: ast.Constant | t.CPtr = (ast.Constant | t.CPtr)(elem_node)
+                if ec is not None and ec.const_kind == ast.CONST_INT:
+                    elem_val = ec.int_val
+            elif ek == ast.ASTKind.UnaryOp:
+                # 负数: UnaryOp(USub, Constant)
+                elem_val = HandlesAnnAssign.extract_cdefine_int_value(elem_node)
+        if i > 0:
+            written = viperlib.snprintf(buf + pos, buf_size - pos, ", ")
+            pos += t.CSizeT(written)
+        written = viperlib.snprintf(buf + pos, buf_size - pos, "%s %lld", elem_ir_ty, elem_val)
+        pos += t.CSizeT(written)
+        i += 1
+
+    # 写入后缀 "]"
+    viperlib.snprintf(buf + pos, buf_size - pos, "]")
+    return buf
+
+
+# ============================================================
+# _build_string_ptr_initializer - 为字符串字面量初始化指针类型全局变量
+#
+# 创建内部字符串常量全局 @.str.{var_name} = private constant [len+1 x i8] c"...\00"
+# 返回 GEP 初始化器文本: getelementptr inbounds ([len+1 x i8], [len+1 x i8]* @.str.{var_name}, i32 0, i32 0)
+# 用于 b64_tab: t.CArray[t.CChar, None] = "ABC..." 等字符串初始化指针类型
+# ============================================================
+def _build_string_ptr_initializer(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
+                                  mod: llvmlite.LLVMModule | t.CPtr,
+                                  var_name: str,
+                                  str_val: str) -> str:
+    """为字符串字面量创建内部常量全局并返回 GEP 初始化器文本，None 失败"""
+    if str_val is None or var_name is None:
+        return None
+
+    # 构造内部字符串常量名称: .str.{var_name}
+    str_name_buf: t.CChar | t.CPtr = pool.alloc(64)
+    if str_name_buf is None:
+        return None
+    viperlib.snprintf(str_name_buf, 64, ".str.%s", var_name)
+
+    # 调用 llvmlite.create_global_string 创建字符串常量全局
+    str_gv: llvmlite.GlobalVariable | t.CPtr = llvmlite.create_global_string(
+        pool, mod, str_name_buf, str_val)
+    if str_gv is None:
+        return None
+
+    # 生成 GEP 初始化器文本
+    str_len: t.CSizeT = string.strlen(str_val)
+    init_buf: t.CChar | t.CPtr = pool.alloc(128)
+    if init_buf is None:
+        return None
+    viperlib.snprintf(init_buf, 128,
+        "getelementptr inbounds ([%d x i8], [%d x i8]* @%s, i32 0, i32 0)",
+        str_len + 1, str_len + 1, str_name_buf)
+    return init_buf
+
+
 # ============================================================
 # handle_module_level_var - 模块级变量声明 → 创建 LLVM 全局变量
 #
 # 当用户已定义 main（无 wrapper main builder）时，模块级
 # AnnAssign/Assign 创建全局变量 @var_name 并注册到 SymTab 模块作用域
+# 支持整数、列表字面量、字符串字面量初始值
 # ============================================================
 def handle_module_level_var(trans: HT.Translator | t.CPtr,
                             node: ast.AST | t.CPtr) -> int:
@@ -163,7 +288,9 @@ def handle_module_level_var(trans: HT.Translator | t.CPtr,
     var_name: str = None
     var_ty: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = llvmlite.Int32(pool)
     init_val: t.CInt64T = 0
-    has_init: int = 0
+    init_kind: int = 0  # 0=none, 1=int, 2=list, 3=str
+    init_str_val: str = None
+    init_list_node: ast.List | t.CPtr = None
 
     if k == ast.ASTKind.AnnAssign:
         aa: ast.AnnAssign | t.CPtr = (ast.AnnAssign | t.CPtr)(node)
@@ -179,12 +306,20 @@ def handle_module_level_var(trans: HT.Translator | t.CPtr,
                 pool, aa.annotation, trans._imported_modules, trans._from_imports, trans)
             if resolved is not None:
                 var_ty = resolved
-        # 解析初始值
-        if aa.value is not None and aa.value.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Constant:
-            cn: ast.Constant | t.CPtr = (ast.Constant | t.CPtr)(aa.value)
-            if cn.const_kind == ast.CONST_INT:
-                init_val = cn.int_val
-                has_init = 1
+        # 解析初始值（支持整数、列表字面量、字符串字面量）
+        if aa.value is not None:
+            val_kind: int = aa.value.kind()
+            if val_kind == ast.ASTKind.Constant:
+                cn: ast.Constant | t.CPtr = (ast.Constant | t.CPtr)(aa.value)
+                if cn.const_kind == ast.CONST_INT:
+                    init_val = cn.int_val
+                    init_kind = 1
+                elif cn.const_kind == ast.CONST_STR:
+                    init_str_val = cn.str_val
+                    init_kind = 3
+            elif val_kind == ast.ASTKind.List:
+                init_list_node = (ast.List | t.CPtr)(aa.value)
+                init_kind = 2
     elif k == ast.ASTKind.Assign:
         asgn: ast.Assign | t.CPtr = (ast.Assign | t.CPtr)(node)
         if asgn is None or asgn.targets is None:
@@ -197,11 +332,19 @@ def handle_module_level_var(trans: HT.Translator | t.CPtr,
             return 0
         nm2: ast.Name | t.CPtr = (ast.Name | t.CPtr)(t0)
         var_name = nm2.id
-        if asgn.value is not None and asgn.value.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Constant:
-            cn2: ast.Constant | t.CPtr = (ast.Constant | t.CPtr)(asgn.value)
-            if cn2.const_kind == ast.CONST_INT:
-                init_val = cn2.int_val
-                has_init = 1
+        if asgn.value is not None:
+            val_kind2: int = asgn.value.kind()
+            if val_kind2 == ast.ASTKind.Constant:
+                cn2: ast.Constant | t.CPtr = (ast.Constant | t.CPtr)(asgn.value)
+                if cn2.const_kind == ast.CONST_INT:
+                    init_val = cn2.int_val
+                    init_kind = 1
+                elif cn2.const_kind == ast.CONST_STR:
+                    init_str_val = cn2.str_val
+                    init_kind = 3
+            elif val_kind2 == ast.ASTKind.List:
+                init_list_node = (ast.List | t.CPtr)(asgn.value)
+                init_kind = 2
 
     if var_name is None:
         return 0
@@ -225,11 +368,26 @@ def handle_module_level_var(trans: HT.Translator | t.CPtr,
 
     # 设置初始值（有初始值时清除 external linkage，因为 LLVM 22+ 不允许 external global 带初始值）
     gv.Linkage = None
-    if has_init != 0:
+    if init_kind == 1:
+        # 整数初始值
         init_buf: t.CChar | t.CPtr = pool.alloc(48)
         if init_buf is not None:
             viperlib.snprintf(init_buf, 48, "%lld", init_val)
             gv.Initializer = init_buf
+    elif init_kind == 2:
+        # 列表字面量 → 数组初始化器 [N x elem_ty] [elem_ty val0, ...]
+        arr_init: str = _build_array_initializer_text(pool, var_ty, init_list_node)
+        if arr_init is not None:
+            gv.Initializer = arr_init
+        else:
+            gv.Initializer = "zeroinitializer"
+    elif init_kind == 3:
+        # 字符串字面量 → 创建字符串常量全局 + GEP 引用
+        str_init: str = _build_string_ptr_initializer(pool, mod, var_name, init_str_val)
+        if str_init is not None:
+            gv.Initializer = str_init
+        else:
+            gv.Initializer = "zeroinitializer"
     else:
         # 使用 zeroinitializer 而非 "0"：指针类型必须用 null/zeroinitializer，
         # 整数/聚合类型也兼容 zeroinitializer，避免 "integer constant must have integer type"

TransPyV/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesStruct.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import t, c
 from stdint import *
 import memhub
 import string
+import stdlib
 import llvmlite
 import stdio
 import ast
@@ -521,10 +522,28 @@ def lookup_field_by_class(class_name: str,
     # 回退: 无 SHA1 或 SHA1 匹配失败，按类名查找第一个
     entry = find_struct(class_name)
     if entry is None:
-        # 诊断：遍历打印所有已注册结构体名，确认目标类是否在注册表中
-        for diag_i in range(_struct_count):
-            diag_entry: StructEntry | t.CPtr = _get_struct_entry(diag_i)
+        # 诊断：目标类未注册
+        fb_lfbc: t.CChar | t.CPtr = VLogger.fmt_buf()
+        if fb_lfbc is not None:
+            viperlib.snprintf(fb_lfbc, 1024,
+                "lookup_field_by_class: 类 '%s' 未注册 (struct_count=%d)",
+                class_name, _struct_count)
+            VLogger.error(fb_lfbc, "STRUCT")
         return None
+    # 诊断：找到结构体但字段未找到，打印字段表
+    fb_fields: t.CChar | t.CPtr = VLogger.fmt_buf()
+    if fb_fields is not None:
+        viperlib.snprintf(fb_fields, 1024,
+            "lookup_field_by_class: 类 '%s' 已注册 (FieldCount=%d) 但字段 '%s' 未找到",
+            class_name, entry.FieldCount, field_name)
+        VLogger.error(fb_fields, "STRUCT")
+    for fi in range(entry.FieldCount):
+        fe: FieldEntry | t.CPtr = _get_field_entry(entry, fi)
+        if fe is not None and fe.Name is not None:
+            fb_fn: t.CChar | t.CPtr = VLogger.fmt_buf()
+            if fb_fn is not None:
+                viperlib.snprintf(fb_fn, 1024, "  字段[%d]: %s", fi, fe.Name)
+                VLogger.error(fb_fn, "STRUCT")
     for fi in range(entry.FieldCount):
         fe: FieldEntry | t.CPtr = _get_field_entry(entry, fi)
         if fe is not None and fe.Name is not None:
@@ -534,45 +553,6 @@ def lookup_field_by_class(class_name: str,
     return None
 
 
-# ============================================================
-# find_subclass_with_field — 在基类的所有子类中搜索包含指定字段的结构体
-#
-# 用于处理 "注解类型是基类但实际值是派生类" 的场景:
-#   node: AST | t.CPtr = If(...)
-#   node.orelse = orelse  ← orelse 在 If 上，不在 AST 上
-#
-# 遍历所有已注册结构体，通过 ParentName 链检查继承关系，
-# 返回第一个包含 field_name 的子类 StructEntry。
-# ============================================================
-def find_subclass_with_field(base_class_name: str,
-                             field_name: str) -> StructEntry | t.CPtr:
-    """在 base_class_name 的所有子类中搜索包含 field_name 的结构体
-
-    返回第一个找到的 StructEntry（包含正确的 Ty），None=未找到
-    """
-    if base_class_name is None or field_name is None:
-        return None
-    sc_i: int
-    for sc_i in range(_struct_count):
-        sc_entry: StructEntry | t.CPtr = _get_struct_entry(sc_i)
-        if sc_entry is None or sc_entry.Name is None:
-            continue
-        # 检查 sc_entry 是否是 base_class_name 的子类（传递性）
-        cur_parent: str = get_parent_name(sc_entry.Name)
-        while cur_parent is not None:
-            if string.strcmp(cur_parent, base_class_name) == 0:
-                # 是子类，检查是否有该字段
-                sc_fi: int
-                for sc_fi in range(sc_entry.FieldCount):
-                    sc_fe: FieldEntry | t.CPtr = _get_field_entry(sc_entry, sc_fi)
-                    if sc_fe is not None and sc_fe.Name is not None:
-                        if string.strcmp(sc_fe.Name, field_name) == 0:
-                            return sc_entry
-                break
-            cur_parent = get_parent_name(cur_parent)
-    return None
-
-
 # ============================================================
 # get_struct_type — 按类名获取结构体的 LLVM 类型
 # ============================================================

TransPyV/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesTranslator.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import memhub
 import string
 import stdio
 import stdlib
+import viperlib
 import lib.core.VLogger as VLogger
 import lib.core.Handles.HandlesVar as HandlesVar
 import lib.core.Handles.HandlesExprCall as HandlesExprCall

TransPyV/App/lib/core/Handles/HandlesType.py

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ import sys
 import stdlib
 import viperlib
 import w32.fileio as fileio
+import lib.core.VLogger as VLogger
+import lib.core.Handles.HandlesTranslator as HT
 import lib.core.Handles.HandlesImports as HandlesImports
 import lib.core.Handles.HandlesStruct as HandlesStruct
 
@@ -143,6 +145,95 @@ def clear_cdefine_constants() -> None:
     _g_cdefine_values = None
 
 
+# 常量整数表达式计算成功标志（供 _eval_const_int_expr 使用）
+_g_const_eval_ok: int = 0
+
+
+# ============================================================
+# _eval_const_int_expr - 递归计算常量整数表达式
+#
+# 支持:
+#   - Constant (CONST_INT): 整数字面量
+#   - Name: CDefine 常量名（通过 lookup_cdefine_constant 查找）
+#   - BinOp (Add/Sub/Mult/FloorDiv/BitOr/BitAnd): 递归计算左右操作数
+#
+# 成功: 设置 _g_const_eval_ok=1, 返回计算值
+# 失败: 设置 _g_const_eval_ok=0, 返回 0
+#
+# 用于 t.CArray count 的静态计算，如 2 * ZHUFF_MAX_CODES
+# ============================================================
+def _eval_const_int_expr(node: ast.AST | t.CPtr) -> int:
+    """递归计算常量整数表达式"""
+    global _g_const_eval_ok
+    if node is None:
+        _g_const_eval_ok = 0
+        return 0
+    k: int = node.kind()
+
+    # Constant: 整数字面量
+    if k == ast.ASTKind.Constant:
+        cn: ast.Constant | t.CPtr = (ast.Constant | t.CPtr)(node)
+        if cn.const_kind == ast.CONST_INT:
+            _g_const_eval_ok = 1
+            return cn.int_val
+        _g_const_eval_ok = 0
+        return 0
+
+    # Name: CDefine 常量名
+    if k == ast.ASTKind.Name:
+        nm: ast.Name | t.CPtr = (ast.Name | t.CPtr)(node)
+        if nm.id is None:
+            _g_const_eval_ok = 0
+            return 0
+        val: int = lookup_cdefine_constant(nm.id)
+        if is_cdefine_found() == 0:
+            _g_const_eval_ok = 0
+            return 0
+        _g_const_eval_ok = 1
+        return val
+
+    # BinOp: 算术/位运算
+    if k == ast.ASTKind.BinOp:
+        bop: ast.BinOp | t.CPtr = (ast.BinOp | t.CPtr)(node)
+        # 递归计算左操作数
+        lv: int = _eval_const_int_expr(bop.left)
+        if _g_const_eval_ok == 0:
+            return 0
+        # 递归计算右操作数
+        rv: int = _eval_const_int_expr(bop.right)
+        if _g_const_eval_ok == 0:
+            return 0
+        # 根据运算符执行计算
+        if bop.op == ast.OpKind.Add:
+            _g_const_eval_ok = 1
+            return lv + rv
+        if bop.op == ast.OpKind.Sub:
+            _g_const_eval_ok = 1
+            return lv - rv
+        if bop.op == ast.OpKind.Mult:
+            _g_const_eval_ok = 1
+            return lv * rv
+        if bop.op == ast.OpKind.FloorDiv:
+            if rv == 0:
+                _g_const_eval_ok = 0
+                return 0
+            _g_const_eval_ok = 1
+            return lv // rv
+        if bop.op == ast.OpKind.BitOr:
+            _g_const_eval_ok = 1
+            return lv | rv
+        if bop.op == ast.OpKind.BitAnd:
+            _g_const_eval_ok = 1
+            return lv & rv
+        # 不支持的运算符
+        _g_const_eval_ok = 0
+        return 0
+
+    # 不支持的节点类型
+    _g_const_eval_ok = 0
+    return 0
+
+
 def set_generic_context(tp_names: list[str] | t.CPtr,
                         type_args: list[str] | t.CPtr):
     """设置泛型特化上下文（进入泛型类方法体翻译时调用）"""
@@ -850,6 +941,11 @@ def resolve_annotation_type(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
         mod_name: str = HandlesImports.lookup_from_import(from_imports, nm.id)
         if mod_name is not None:
             return map_t_type(pool, nm.id)
+        # 兜底: 尝试 map_t_type 中的硬编码 typedef 映射（VOIDPTR, HANDLE, ULONG 等）
+        # 这些是跨模块通用的 C typedef 名，即使 from-import 查找失败也能解析
+        mapped_ty_fallback: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = map_t_type(pool, nm.id)
+        if mapped_ty_fallback is not None:
+            return mapped_ty_fallback
         return None
 
     # Attribute 节点: t.CInt, t.CUInt64T, namespace_defs.PlainStruct 等
@@ -874,6 +970,13 @@ def resolve_annotation_type(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
                 if mod_struct_ty is not None:
                     return mod_struct_ty
                 return None
+        # 嵌套 Attribute: w32.win32base.SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES 等三级及以上限定名
+        # at.value 是 Attribute 而非 Name，递归提取最终类名（at.attr）查结构体表
+        # find_struct 支持模块限定名回退，此处用最外层 attr（简单类名）即可
+        if at.value is not None and at.value.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Attribute:
+            nested_struct_ty: llvmlite.LLVMType | t.CPtr = HandlesStruct.get_struct_type(at.attr)
+            if nested_struct_ty is not None:
+                return nested_struct_ty
         return None
 
     # BinOp 节点: 联合类型注解 A | B
@@ -929,7 +1032,11 @@ def resolve_annotation_type(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
         # value 是 Name（泛型类名），slice 是类型实参
         if sub.value.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Name:
             gen_nm: ast.Name | t.CPtr = (ast.Name | t.CPtr)(sub.value)
+            # tuple[...] 类型注解：TransPyV 暂不支持 tuple 返回类型，返回 None 让上层默认处理
+            # 避免走到 list[str](pool, 4) 构造路径崩溃（tuple 未定义为泛型类）
             if gen_nm.id is not None:
+                if string.strcmp(gen_nm.id, "tuple") == 0:
+                    return None
                 # 先收集类型实参名，再分配缓冲区拼接 mangled name
                 gen_arg_names: list[str] | t.CPtr = list[str](pool, 4)
                 if sub.slice.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Tuple:
@@ -1031,28 +1138,20 @@ def resolve_annotation_type(pool: memhub.MemBuddy | t.CPtr,
             pool, elem_node, imported_modules, from_imports, trans)
         if elem_ty is None:
             fatal_type_error(elem_node, "t.CArray 元素类型解析失败")
-        # 解析 count（必须是整数常量、None 或 CDefine 常量名）
+        # 解析 count（支持整数常量、None、CDefine 常量名、常量表达式如 2*MAX）
         # t.CArray[elem_ty, None] 等价于单参数形式 → Ptr(elem_ty)
         # t.CArray[elem_ty, NAME] 其中 NAME: t.CDefine = value → [value x elem_ty]
+        # t.CArray[elem_ty, 2 * MAX] 常量表达式静态计算 → [2*MAX x elem_ty]
         count_val: int = 0
         if count_node.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Constant:
             cnt_cn: ast.Constant | t.CPtr = (ast.Constant | t.CPtr)(count_node)
             if cnt_cn.const_kind == ast.CONST_NONE:
                 return llvmlite.Ptr(pool, elem_ty)
-            if cnt_cn.const_kind != ast.CONST_INT:
-                fatal_type_error(count_node, "t.CArray count 必须是整数常量、None 或 CDefine 常量名")
-            count_val = cnt_cn.int_val
-        elif count_node.kind() == ast.ASTKind.Name:
-            # CDefine 常量名查找
-            cnt_nm: ast.Name | t.CPtr = (ast.Name | t.CPtr)(count_node)
-            if cnt_nm.id is None:
-                fatal_type_error(count_node, "t.CArray count Name 节点 id 为 None")
-            looked_up: int = lookup_cdefine_constant(cnt_nm.id)
-            if is_cdefine_found() == 0:
-                fatal_type_error(count_node, "t.CArray count 不是已注册的 CDefine 常量")
-            count_val = looked_up
-        else:
-            fatal_type_error(count_node, "t.CArray count 必须是整数常量、None 或 CDefine 常量名")
+        # 统一用 _eval_const_int_expr 计算常量整数表达式
+        # 支持 Constant(INT)、Name(CDefine)、BinOp(2*MAX 等算术/位运算)
+        count_val = _eval_const_int_expr(count_node)
+        if _g_const_eval_ok == 0:
+            fatal_type_error(count_node, "t.CArray count 必须是整数常量、None、CDefine 常量名或常量表达式")
         if count_val <= 0:
             fatal_type_error(count_node, "t.CArray count 必须为正数")
         # 创建 ArrayType（不包装 Ptr）