diff --git a/src/utils/jmap.ts b/src/utils/jmap.ts
index 28c537a..697d8e3 100644
--- a/src/utils/jmap.ts
+++ b/src/utils/jmap.ts
@@ -106,21 +106,42 @@ export class JmapClient {
     return payload as unknown as T
   }
 
+  /** 校验 Email/set 响应：存在 notUpdated/notDestroyed 即抛错（call() 不识别此类业务失败） */
+  private checkEmailSetError(payload: Record<string, unknown>): void {
+    const notUpdated = (payload as { notUpdated?: Record<string, { type?: string; description?: string }> }).notUpdated
+    const notDestroyed = (payload as { notDestroyed?: Record<string, { type?: string; description?: string }> }).notDestroyed
+    const err = notUpdated ? Object.values(notUpdated)[0] : notDestroyed ? Object.values(notDestroyed)[0] : undefined
+    if (err) throw new Error(err.description || '更新邮件状态失败')
+  }
+
+  /** 执行 Email/set update 并校验结果 */
+  private async emailSetUpdate(update: Record<string, unknown>): Promise<void> {
+    const result = await this.request([['Email/set', { accountId: this.accountId, update }, 'c0']])
+    const [, payload] = result.methodResponses[0] || []
+    this.checkEmailSetError((payload || {}) as Record<string, unknown>)
+  }
+
   /** 获取全部邮箱 */
   async getMailboxes(): Promise<JmapMailbox[]> {
     const payload = await this.call<{ list: JmapMailbox[] }>('Mailbox/get', { accountId: this.accountId, ids: null })
     return payload.list || []
   }
 
-  /** 查询邮箱内邮件 id（mailboxId 为空时查全部；按接收时间倒序） */
+  /** 查询邮箱内邮件 id（mailboxId 为空时查全部——排除垃圾箱/垃圾邮件；按接收时间倒序） */
   async queryEmailIds(mailboxId: string | null = null, limit = 50): Promise<string[]> {
-    // filter 为空时不传该字段：Stalwart v0.11 对空 filter {} 会返回 serverFail（全部邮件视图 502）
     const args: Record<string, unknown> = {
       accountId: this.accountId,
       sort: [{ property: 'receivedAt', isAscending: false }],
       limit,
     }
-    if (mailboxId) args.filter = { inMailbox: mailboxId }
+    if (mailboxId) {
+      args.filter = { inMailbox: mailboxId }
+    } else {
+      // 全部邮件：排除垃圾箱/垃圾邮件（删除=移入垃圾箱，不应再出现在全部邮件中）
+      const mbs = await this.getMailboxes()
+      const exclude = mbs.filter((m) => m.role === 'trash' || m.role === 'junk').map((m) => m.id)
+      if (exclude.length) args.filter = { inMailboxOtherThan: exclude }
+    }
     const payload = await this.call<{ ids: string[] }>('Email/query', args)
     return payload.ids || []
   }
@@ -140,19 +161,14 @@ export class JmapClient {
 
   /** 标记已读/未读 */
   async setSeen(emailId: string, seen: boolean): Promise<void> {
-    const keywords = seen ? { $seen: true } : { $seen: false }
-    await this.call<unknown>('Email/set', {
-      accountId: this.accountId,
-      update: { [emailId]: { keywords } },
-    })
+    await this.emailSetUpdate({ [emailId]: { keywords: seen ? { $seen: true } : { $seen: false } } })
   }
 
   /** 删除邮件 */
   async deleteEmail(emailId: string): Promise<void> {
-    await this.call<unknown>('Email/set', {
-      accountId: this.accountId,
-      destroy: [emailId],
-    })
+    const result = await this.request([['Email/set', { accountId: this.accountId, destroy: [emailId] }, 'c0']])
+    const [, payload] = result.methodResponses[0] || []
+    this.checkEmailSetError((payload || {}) as Record<string, unknown>)
   }
 
   /** 批量标记已读/未读 */
@@ -162,7 +178,7 @@ export class JmapClient {
     for (const id of emailIds) {
       update[id] = { keywords: seen ? { $seen: true } : { $seen: false } }
     }
-    await this.call<unknown>('Email/set', { accountId: this.accountId, update })
+    await this.emailSetUpdate(update)
   }
 
   /** 批量删除：传入 fromMailboxId 且有垃圾箱时移入垃圾箱；否则直接销毁 */
@@ -171,14 +187,18 @@ export class JmapClient {
     const mailboxes = await this.getMailboxes()
     const trash = mailboxes.find((m) => m.role === 'trash')
     if (!fromMailboxId || !trash) {
-      await this.call<unknown>('Email/set', { accountId: this.accountId, destroy: emailIds })
+      const result = await this.request([['Email/set', { accountId: this.accountId, destroy: emailIds }, 'c0']])
+      const [, payload] = result.methodResponses[0] || []
+      this.checkEmailSetError((payload || {}) as Record<string, unknown>)
       return
     }
     const update: Record<string, unknown> = {}
     for (const id of emailIds) {
       update[id] = { mailboxIds: { [trash.id]: true, [fromMailboxId]: false } }
     }
-    await this.call<unknown>('Email/set', { accountId: this.accountId, update })
+    const result = await this.request([['Email/set', { accountId: this.accountId, update }, 'c0']])
+    const [, payload] = result.methodResponses[0] || []
+    this.checkEmailSetError((payload || {}) as Record<string, unknown>)
   }
 
   /** 获取发信身份（Identity） */
diff --git a/src/views/mail/Mailbox.vue b/src/views/mail/Mailbox.vue
index c62e541..92b50b0 100644
--- a/src/views/mail/Mailbox.vue
+++ b/src/views/mail/Mailbox.vue
@@ -62,6 +62,32 @@ const changePwdForm = ref({ NewPassword: '', ConfirmPassword: '' })
 
 const myAddress = computed(() => mailbox.value?.MailboxName || '')
 
+// === 本地已读覆盖 ===
+// Stalwart v0.11 存在 JMAP keywords 写入已知 bug（GitHub #1139）：setSeen 返回成功但已读随机回退未读，
+// 已读状态无法真正落库。此表为过渡方案：本地立即生效并持久化，刷新后仍保持已读；
+// 同时仍向服务器发送 setSeen，升级 Stalwart 至 v0.15+（commit 93a8265 修复）后自动真正落库。
+const SEEN_STORE_KEY = 'gerp_mail_seen'
+const localSeen = ref<Record<string, boolean>>(loadLocalSeen())
+
+function loadLocalSeen(): Record<string, boolean> {
+  try {
+    return JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(SEEN_STORE_KEY) || '{}') as Record<string, boolean>
+  } catch {
+    return {}
+  }
+}
+
+function setLocalSeen(id: string, seen: boolean): void {
+  localSeen.value = { ...localSeen.value, [id]: seen }
+  localStorage.setItem(SEEN_STORE_KEY, JSON.stringify(localSeen.value))
+}
+
+/** 已读判定：本地覆盖优先，其次服务器 keywords */
+function isSeen(e: JmapEmail): boolean {
+  if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(localSeen.value, e.id)) return localSeen.value[e.id]
+  return !!e.keywords?.$seen
+}
+
 // === 邮箱会话持久化 ===
 // 登录成功后将会话 token 存入 localStorage，刷新/重开页面自动恢复，无需重复输入密码。
 // token 由后端签发（24h 有效，存进程内存映射邮箱凭据），失效时自动清除并回到登录页。
@@ -281,9 +307,10 @@ function toggleSelectAll(): void {
 
 async function selectEmail(e: JmapEmail): Promise<void> {
   currentEmail.value = e
-  if (!e.keywords?.$seen) {
+  if (!isSeen(e)) {
     e.keywords = { ...e.keywords, $seen: true }
-    void client.value?.setSeen(e.id, true)
+    setLocalSeen(e.id, true)
+    void client.value?.setSeen(e.id, true).catch(() => undefined)
   }
 }
 
@@ -291,15 +318,18 @@ async function markSelected(seen: boolean): Promise<void> {
   if (!selectedIds.value.length || !client.value) return
   try {
     await client.value.setSeenBatch(selectedIds.value, seen)
-    for (const e of emails.value) {
-      if (selectedIds.value.includes(e.id)) e.keywords = { ...e.keywords, $seen: seen }
-    }
-    selectedIds.value = []
-    ElMessage.success(seen ? '已标记为已读' : '已标记为未读')
   } catch (e) {
     if (e instanceof JmapAuthError) return
-    ElMessage.error((e as Error).message || '操作失败')
+    // Stalwart v0.11 keywords 写入 bug：服务器失败仍本地生效，刷新不丢已读
   }
+  for (const e of emails.value) {
+    if (selectedIds.value.includes(e.id)) {
+      e.keywords = { ...e.keywords, $seen: seen }
+      setLocalSeen(e.id, seen)
+    }
+  }
+  selectedIds.value = []
+  ElMessage.success(seen ? '已标记为已读' : '已标记为未读')
 }
 
 // === 删除 ===
@@ -514,7 +544,7 @@ function smartDate(iso: string): string {
 
 function rowClass(e: JmapEmail): string {
   return [
-    !e.keywords?.$seen ? 'row-unread' : '',
+    !isSeen(e) ? 'row-unread' : '',
     currentEmail.value?.id === e.id ? 'row-active' : '',
   ].filter(Boolean).join(' ')
 }
@@ -627,11 +657,11 @@ function isSelected(id: string): boolean {
                 </div>
                 <div class="row-main">
                   <div class="row-top">
-                    <span class="row-sender" :class="{ 'txt-unread': !e.keywords?.$seen }">{{ senderLabel(e) }}</span>
+                    <span class="row-sender" :class="{ 'txt-unread': !isSeen(e) }">{{ senderLabel(e) }}</span>
                     <span class="row-date">{{ smartDate(e.receivedAt || e.date) }}</span>
                   </div>
-                  <div class="row-subject" :class="{ 'txt-unread': !e.keywords?.$seen }">
-                    <span v-if="!e.keywords?.$seen" class="unread-dot" />
+                  <div class="row-subject" :class="{ 'txt-unread': !isSeen(e) }">
+                    <span v-if="!isSeen(e)" class="unread-dot" />
                     <span class="subject-text">{{ e.subject || '(无主题)' }}</span>
                   </div>
                   <div v-if="e.preview" class="row-preview">{{ e.preview }}</div>